An offering statement pursuant to Regulation A relating to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Information contained in this Preliminary Offering Circular is subject to completion or amendment. These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted before the offering statement filed with the Commission is qualified. This Preliminary Offering Circular shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor may there be any sales of these securities in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful before registration or qualification under the laws of any such state. We may elect to satisfy our obligation to deliver a Final Offering Circular by sending you a notice within two business days after the completion of our sale to you that contains the URL where the Final Offering Circular was filed may be obtained.
Preliminary Offering Circular
June
15, 2016
Subject to Completion
HC GOVERNMENT REALTY TRUST, INC.
1819 Main Street, Suite 212
Sarasota, Florida 34236
(941) 955-7900
Minimum Offering Amount: $5,000,000 in Shares of Common Stock
Maximum Offering Amount: $30,000,000 in Shares of Common Stock
HC
Government Realty Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation referred to herein as our company, was formed to primarily source, acquire,
own and manage built-to-suit and improved-to-suit, single-tenant properties leased by the United States of America through the
U.S General Services Administration, or GSA Properties. We focus on acquiring GSA Properties that fulfill mission critical
or direct citizen service functions primarily located across secondary or smaller markets, within size ranges of 5,000-50,000
rentable square feet, and in their first term after construction or retrofitted to post-9/11 standards. We are externally managed
and advised by Holmwood Capital Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or our Manager. Our management team has significant
commercial real estate experience and long-established relationships with real estate owners, developers and operators focused
on GSA Properties, which we believe will provide a competitive advantage in sourcing future acquisition opportunities that will
provide attractive risk-adjusted returns.
At
the closing of the minimum offering amount, we will own, through subsidiaries, a portfolio of ten GSA properties . We
acquired an initial portfolio of three GSA Properties on June 10, 2016 using proceeds from the issuance of our 7.00% Series A
Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, senior debt financing and a loan from our affiliate, Holmwood Capital, LLC. At the
closing of the minimum offering amount, we will acquire an additional seven properties from Holmwood Capital, LLC, an
affiliate, in exchange for units of limited partnership interest in our subsidiary, or OP Units, and the
assumption of indebtedness secured by such properties or interests therein. Proceeds from this offering will not be used to
purchase our initial portfolio of properties, though they will be utilized to pay down certain debts related to our initial
portfolio and provide capital to acquire additional GSA Properties that meet our investment
criteria .
We intend to elect and qualify to be treated as a real estate investment
trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal income tax purposes under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code,
beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2016. Shares of our common stock are subject to restrictions on
ownership and transfer that are intended, among other purposes, to assist us in qualifying and maintaining our qualification as
a REIT. Our charter, subject to certain exceptions, limits ownership to no more than 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever
is more restrictive, of any class or series of our outstanding capital stock.
We are offering a minimum of 500,000 and a maximum of 3,000,000 shares of our common stock at an offering price of $10.00 per share, for a minimum offering amount of $5,000,000 and a maximum offering amount of $30,000,000. The minimum purchase requirement is 150 shares, or $1,500; however, we can waive the minimum purchase requirement in our sole discretion. Following achievement of our minimum offering amount, we intend to hold additional closings on at least a monthly basis. The final closing will occur whenever we have reached the maximum offering amount. Until we achieve the minimum offering and have our initial closing and thereafter prior to each additional closing, the proceeds for that closing will be kept in an escrow account.
We
have engaged Cambria Capital, LLC, or our Dealer-Manager, a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA,
as our dealer-manager to offer our shares to prospective investors on a best efforts basis, and our Dealer-Manager will have the
right to engage such other FINRA member firms as it determines to assist in the offering. We
intend to apply for quotation of our common stock on the OTCQX Marketplace by the OTC Markets Group, Inc., or OTCQX.
The
sale of the offered shares will begin as soon as practicable after this offering circular has been qualified by the United States
Securities and Exchange Commission, and is expected to continue until the earlier of (i) the date on which the minimum shares
offered hereby have been sold, or (ii) _______________________________ . If the minimum offering amount is not reached and
our initial closing held prior to the end of such period, all proceeds held in the escrow account will be promptly returned to
investors and this offering will terminate. If the minimum offering amount is reached, this offering will continue until the earlier
of (i) the date on which the maximum shares offered hereby have been sold, or (ii) _______________________________ . We
may, however, terminate the offering at any time and for any reason. At this time, there is no public trading market for shares
of our common stock.
|
|
Price to Public
|
|
|
Commissions and Expense
Reimbursements (1)
|
|
|
Proceeds to
Company (1)
|
|
|
Proceeds to Other
Persons
|
|
Per Offered Unit:
|
|
$
|
10.00
|
|
|
$
|
0.825
|
|
|
$
|
9.175
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
Minimum Offering Amount:
|
|
$
|
5,000,000
|
|
|
$
|
412,500
|
|
|
$
|
4,587,500
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
Maximum Offering Amount:
|
|
$
|
30,000,000
|
|
|
$
|
2,475,000
|
|
|
$
|
27,525,000
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
(1)
|
This table depicts underwriting discounts, commissions and expense reimbursements of 8.25% of the gross offering proceeds. We will pay our Dealer-Manager selling commissions of 7.0% of the gross offering proceeds and a non-accountable expense reimbursement of 1.25% of the gross offering proceeds.
|
Generally, no sale may be made to you in this offering if the aggregate purchase price you pay is more than 10% of the greater of your annual income or net worth. Different rules apply to accredited investors and non-natural persons. Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to refer to www.investor.gov.
An
investment in the offered shares is subject to certain risks and should be made only by persons or entities able to
bear the risk of and to withstand the total loss of their investment. Prospective investors should carefully consider
and review the RISK FACTORS beginning on page 12.
THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OF OR GIVE ITS APPROVAL TO ANY SECURITIES OFFERED OR THE TERMS OF THE OFFERING, NOR DOES IT PASS UPON THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY OFFERING CIRCULAR OR OTHER SOLICITATION MATERIALS. THESE SECURITIES ARE OFFERED PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION WITH THE COMMISSION; HOWEVER, THE COMMISION HAS NOT MADE AN INDEPENDENT DETERMINATION THAT THE SECURITIES OFFERED ARE EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION.
This Offering Circular Uses the Form 1-A Disclosure Format.
Cambria
Capital, LLC
Preliminary
Offering Circular Dated June 15, 2016.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY |
1 |
RISK FACTORS |
12 |
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS |
35 |
DILUTION |
36 |
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION |
37 |
USE OF PROCEEDS |
40 |
DESCRIPTION OF OUR BUSINESS |
41 |
DESCRIPTION OF OUR PROPERTIES |
46 |
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
54 |
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND SIGNIFICANT EMPLOYEES |
57 |
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS |
61 |
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN SECURITYHOLDERS |
64 |
OUR MANAGER AND RELATED AGREEMENTS |
65 |
POLICIES WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN ACTIVITIES |
69 |
INTEREST OF MANAGEMENT AND OTHERS IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS |
72 |
SECURITIES BEING OFFERED |
75 |
IMPORTANT PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND CORPORATE LAW AND OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS |
81 |
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND RESTRICTIONS |
85 |
THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT |
87 |
MATERIAL FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS |
95 |
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS |
114 |
REPORTS |
116 |
LEGAL MATTERS |
118 |
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS |
119 |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
120 |
PART F/S |
122 |
This summary highlights the information contained elsewhere in this offering circular. Because it is a summary, it may not contain all the information that you should consider before investing in our shares. To fully understand this offering, you should carefully read this entire offering circular, including the more detailed information set forth under the caption “Risk Factors.” Unless the context otherwise requires or indicates, references in this offering circular to “us,” “we,” “our” or “our company” refer to HC Government Realty Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, including HC Government Realty Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, which we refer to as our operating partnership. We refer to Holmwood Capital, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as Holmwood, and Holmwood Capital Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as our Manager. As used in this offering circular, an affiliate of, or person affiliated with, a specified person, is a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by, or is under common control with, the person specified.
As of the date of this offering circular, we have entered into (a) the Management Agreement between us and our Manager, or the Management Agreement, (b) the Limited Partnership Agreement of HC Government Realty Holdings, L.P., or the Limited Partnership Agreement and (c) the Contribution Agreement between HC Government Realty Holdings, L.P. and Holmwood Capital, LLC, or the Contribution Agreement. Unless the context otherwise requires or indicates, the information set forth in this offering circular assumes that the value of each unit of limited partnership interest in our operating partnership, or OP Unit, issuable to persons contributing interests in our Contribution Properties (as defined below) is equivalent to the public offering price per share of our common stock in this offering.
Our Company
HC
Government Realty Trust, Inc. was formed in 2016 as a Maryland corporation, and we intend to elect and qualify to be taxed
as a REIT for federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2016. We focus on acquiring
primarily in GSA Properties that fulfill mission critical or direct citizen service functions primarily located across
secondary and smaller markets, within size ranges of 5,000-50,000 rentable square feet, and in their first term after construction
or retrofit to post-9/11 standards. Leases associated with the GSA Properties in which our company invests are full faith and credit obligations of the
United States of America and are administered by the U.S. General Services Administration or directly through the occupying federal
agencies, or, collectively, the GSA. Our principal objective is the creation of value for stockholders by utilizing our relationships
and knowledge of GSA Properties, specifically, the acquisition, management and disposition of GSA Properties. As of the initial
closing of this offering and our formation transactions, we will wholly own 10 properties, all of them leased in their entirety
to U.S. Government agency tenants. Our initial portfolio will consist of (i) three properties acquired by our company, through
subsidiaries, on June 10, 2016 using proceeds from the issuance of shares of our 7.00% Series A Cumulative Convertible Preferred
Stock, or the Series A Preferred Stock, secured financing in the amount of $7,225,000 from CorAmerica Loan Company, LLC, or CorAmerica,
$2,019,789 in unsecured seller financing, and $1,000,000 of unsecured loans from Holmwood, or the Holmwood Loan, and (ii) seven
properties to be contributed to us as of the initial closing by Holmwood pursuant to the Contribution Agreement. We refer to the
acquisition of our initial ten-property portfolio as our formation transactions.
The
GSA-leased real estate asset class possesses a number of positive attributes that we believe will offer our stockholders significant
benefits, including a highly creditworthy and very stable tenant base, long-term lease structures and low risk of tenant turnover.
GSA leases are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, and the GSA has never experienced a financial default
in its history. Payment for rents under GSA leases are funded
through the Federal Buildings Fund and are not subject to direct federal appropriations, which can fluctuate with federal budget
and political priorities. In addition to presenting reduced risk of default, GSA leases typically have long initial terms of ten
to 20 years with renewal leases having terms of five to ten years, which limit operational risk. Upon renewal of a GSA lease,
base rent is typically reset based on a number of factors, including inflation and the replacement cost of the building at the
time of renewal, which we generally expect will increase over the life of the lease. Renewal rates for GSA Properties in the first
term currently stand at approximately 95% for single-tenant, built-to-suit facilities.1
GSA-leased
properties generally provide attractive investment opportunities and require specialized knowledge and expertise. Each U.S. Government
agency has its own customs, procedures, culture, needs and mission, which translate into different requirements for its leased
space. Furthermore, the sector is highly fragmented, with a significant amount of non-institutional owners who lack our infrastructure
and experience in GSA-leased properties, and there is no national broker or clearinghouse for GSA-leased properties. We believe
this fragmentation results, in part, from the U.S. Government’s and GSA’s contracting policies, including policies
of preference for small, female and minority owned businesses. As of August 2015, the largest owner of GSA-leased properties
owned approximately 3.5% of the GSA-leased market by RSF and the ten largest owners of GSA-leased properties collectively owned
approximately 17% of the GSA-leased market by RSF.2
Long-term relationships and specialized institutional knowledge
regarding the agencies, their space needs and the hierarchy and importance of a property to its tenant agency are crucial to understanding
which agencies and properties present the greatest likelihood of long-term tenancy, and to identifying and acquiring attractive
investment properties. Our initial portfolio is diversified among U.S. Government tenant
agencies, including a number of the U.S. Government’s largest and most essential agencies, such as the Drug Enforcement
Administration, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Social Security Administration and the Department of Transportation.
We
intend to operate as an UPREIT, and own our properties through our subsidiary, HC Government Realty Holdings, L.P., a Delaware
limited partnership. While we intend to focus on investments in GSA Properties, we may also develop programs in the future to
invest in state and local government, single-tenant and majority occupied properties and properties majority leased to the United
States of America and other similar mission critical properties. We are externally managed and advised by Holmwood Capital Advisors,
LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, our Manager. Our Manager will make all investment decisions for us. Our Manager is
owned by Messrs. Robert R. Kaplan and Robert R. Kaplan, Jr., individually, by Stanton Holdings, LLC, which is controlled
by Mr. Edwin M. Stanton, and by Baker Hill Holding LLC, which is controlled by Mr. Philip Kurlander, all in equal proportions.
The officers of our Manager are Messrs. Edwin M. Stanton, President, Robert R. Kaplan, Jr., Vice President, Philip Kurlander,
Treasurer, and Robert R. Kaplan, Secretary.
We expect that our Manager’s management team’s extensive knowledge of U.S. Government properties and lease structures will allow us to execute transactions efficiently. Additionally, we believe that our ability to identify and implement building improvements increases the likelihood of lease renewal and enhances the value of our portfolio. Our Manager’s experienced management team brings specialized insight into the mission and hierarchy of tenant agencies so that we are able to gain a deep understanding of the U.S. Government’s long-term strategy for a particular agency and its resulting space needs. This allows us to target properties for use by agencies that will have enduring criticality and the highest likelihood of lease renewal. Lease duration and the likelihood of renewal are further increased as properties are tailored to meet the specific needs of individual U.S. Government agencies, such as specialized environmental and security upgrades.
Our Manager and its principals have a network of relationships with real estate owners, investors, operators and developers of all sizes and investment formats, across the United States and especially in relation to GSA Properties. We believe these relationships will provide us with a competitive advantage, greater access to off-market transactions, and flexibility in our investment choices to source and acquire GSA Properties.
In
addition to the dedication and experience of our Manager’s management team, we will rely on the network of professional
and advisory relationships our Manager’s management team has cultivated, including BB&T Capital Markets, a division
of BB&T Securities, LLC, or BB&T Capital Markets . Our Manager has engaged BB&T Capital Markets to
provide investment banking advisory services, including REIT financial and market analysis, offering structure
analysis and formation transaction analysis .
We believe in the long-term there will be a consistent flow of properties in our target markets for purposes of acquisition, leasing and managing which we expect will enable us to continue our platform into the foreseeable future. We intend to acquire GSA Properties located across secondary and smaller markets throughout the United States. We do not anticipate making acquisitions outside of the United States or its territories.
We primarily expect to make direct acquisitions of GSA Properties, but we may also invest through indirect investments in real property, such as those that may be obtained in a joint venture which may or may not be managed or affiliated with our Manager or its affiliates, whereby we own less than a 100% of the beneficial interest therein; provided, that in such event, we will acquire at least 50 percent of the outstanding voting securities in the investment, or otherwise comply with SEC staff guidance regarding majority-owned subsidiaries, for the investment to meet the definition of “majority-owned subsidiary” under the Investment Company Act. While our Manager does not intend for these types of investments to be a primary focus, we may make such investments in our Manager’s sole discretion.
Management
We
are externally managed by Holmwood Capital Advisors, LLC , our Manager . Our Manager will make all investment
decisions for us. Our Manager and its affiliated companies specialize in sourcing, acquiring, owning and managing
built-to-suit and improved-to-suit, single-tenant GSA Properties. Our Manager’s principals have a significant track
record of sourcing, acquiring, owning and managing GSA Properties, having aggregated close to $3,000,000,000 in acquisitions
of GSA Properties and other government leased assets. Our Manager’s senior management team has significant
relationships with institutional and regional developers and owners, brokers, lenders, attorneys and developers of GSA
Properties and other professionals, all of which our company expects to be a source of future investment opportunities. This
offering represents an opportunity for outside investors to take advantage of this principals’ expertise through
a pooled investment vehicle.
Our Manager will oversee our overall business and affairs, and will have broad discretion to make operating decisions on behalf of us and to make investments. Our stockholders will not be involved in our day-to-day affairs. Summary background information regarding the management of our Manager appears in the section entitled “Our Manager and Affiliates.”
Our
Manager will be overseen by our board of directors, or our board. Our board is currently, and until the initial closing
of this offering will be, comprised of Messrs. Kurlander, Stanton, Kaplan and Kaplan, Jr. Concurrently with the initial
closing of this offering, Mr. Kaplan, Jr. will resign from our board, and Mr. William Robert Fields, Mr. Scott A. Musil, Mr. Leo
Kiely and Mr. John F. O’Reilly, or our independent director nominees , will each be appointed to our board.
Our Competitive Strengths and Strategic Opportunities
We believe the experience of our Manager and its affiliates, as well as our investment strategies, distinguish us from other real estate companies. We believe that we will be benefitted by the alignment of the following competitive strengths and strategic opportunities:
High Quality Portfolio Leased to Mission-Critical U.S. Government Agencies
·
|
Upon completion of this offering and the formation transactions, we will wholly own 10 GSA Properties that are 100% leased to the United States. As of the date of this offering circular, based upon net operating income, the weighted average age of our initial portfolio was approximately 7.5 years, and the weighted average remaining lease term was approximately 7.7 years.
|
·
|
All of our initial portfolio properties are leased to U.S. Government agencies that serve mission-critical or citizen service functions.
|
·
|
These properties generally meet our investment criteria, which target GSA Properties across secondary or smaller markets, within size ranges of 5,000-50,000 rentable square feet, and in their first term after construction or retrofitted to post-9/11 standards.
|
Aligned Management Team
·
|
Upon completion of this offering and the formation transactions, our senior management team will own approximately 28.44% of our common stock on a fully diluted basis, which will help to align their interests with those of our stockholders.
|
·
|
A significant portion of our Manager’s fees will be accrued and eventually paid in stock, which will be issued upon the earlier of listing on a national exchange or 48 months from the initial closing, which will also align the interests of our Manager with those of our stockholders.
|
Asset Management
·
|
Considerable experience in developing, financing, owning, managing, and leasing Class A office properties, including federal government-leased properties across the U.S. (over 110 years of collective experience and $4.6 billion in commercial real estate transactions, and approximately $3 billion of GSA Properties and other government leased assets).
|
·
|
Relationships with real estate owners, developers, brokers and lenders should allow our company to source off-market or limited-competitive acquisition opportunities at attractive cap rates.
|
·
|
In-depth knowledge of the GSA procurement process, GSA requirements, and GSA organizational dynamics. The GSA build-to-suit lease process is detailed and requires significant process-specific expertise as well as extensive knowledge of GSA building requirements and leases.
|
·
|
Strong network of professional and advisory relationships, including BB&T Capital Markets, financial advisor to our Manager.
|
Property Management
·
|
Significant experience in property management and management of third party property managers, focusing on the day-to-day management of the owned properties, including cleaning, repairs, landscaping, collecting rents, handling compliance with zoning and regulations.
|
Credit Quality of Tenant
·
|
Leases are full faith and credit obligations of the United States and, as such, are not subject to the risk of annual appropriations.
|
·
|
High lease renewal rates for GSA Properties in first term (average of 93% for single-tenant properties, 95% for single-tenant, built-to-suit properties).3
|
·
|
Based on 2014 GSA statistics, since 2001 average duration of occupancy for federal agencies in the same leased building is 25 years. From 2001 through 2010, the GSA exercised the right to terminate prior to the end of the full lease term at a rate of 1.73%, according to Colliers International research.4
|
·
|
Leases typically include inflation-linked rent increases associated with certain property operating costs, which the Company believes will mitigate expense variability.
|
Fragmented Market for Assets Within Company Acquisition Strategy
·
|
Our Manager has observed that the market of owners and developers of targeted assets appears highly fragmented with the majority of ownership distributed among small regional owners and developers.
|
·
|
Based on our research, GSA Properties currently trade at an average cap rate of 7.25% compared to 4.5% - 5.5% for all investment grade-rated, single tenant, triple net lease properties5 and less than 2.0% for 10-year U.S. Treasury bonds.6
|
Large Inventory of Targeted Assets
·
|
Over 1,300 GSA Properties in our targeted size are spread throughout U.S.7
|
·
|
Company strategy of mitigating lease renewal risk by owning specialized, mission critical and customer service functioned properties, portfolio diversification by agency and location and through careful acquisition of staggered lease expirations.
|
4 Colliers International GSA-X-CHANGE 2014 GSA Industry Data.
Our Strategy
We believe there is a significant opportunity to acquire and build a portfolio consisting of high-quality GSA Properties at attractive risk-adjusted returns. We will seek primarily to acquire “citizen service” properties, or properties that are “mission critical” to an agency function. Further, we primarily target properties located within secondary or smaller markets, within size ranges of 5,000-50,000 rentable square feet, and in their first term after construction or retrofitted to post-9/11 standards.
We will either target GSA Properties that are LEED® certified or actively seek LEED® certification after acquisition. Of our initial portfolio of 10 properties, five properties are LEED® certified and another property is in the LEED® certification process.
We believe this subset of GSA Properties is highly fragmented and often overlooked by larger investors, which can provide opportunities for us to buy at more attractive pricing to other properties within the asset class. We also believe selection based on agency function, building use and location in these smaller markets will help to mitigate risk of non-renewal. While we intend to focus on this subset of GSA Properties, we are not limited in the properties in which we may invest. We have the flexibility to expand our investment focus as market conditions may dictate and, as determined in the sole discretion of our Manager, subject to broad investment guidelines, or our Investment Guidelines, and Investment Policies, as defined below, adopted by our board of directors, as may be amended by the board of directors from time to time. Renewal rates for GSA Properties in the first term currently stands at approximately 95% for single-tenant, built-to-suit facilities.
Our board has adopted certain investment policies, or our Investment Policies. Our Investment Policies will provide our Manager with substantial discretion with respect to the selection, acquisition and management of specific investments, subject to the limitations in the Management Agreement. Our Manager may revise the Investment Policies, which are described herein, without the approval of our board of directors or stockholders; provided, however, that our Manager may not acquire properties falling outside our Investment Guidelines without the approval of our board of directors. Our board may also adjust our Investment Policies and will review them at least annually to determine whether the policies are in the best interests of our stockholders.
Growth Strategy
Value-Enhancing Asset Management
·
|
Our Manager focuses on the efficient management of our properties and on improvements to our properties that enhance their value for a tenant agency and improve the likelihood of lease renewal.
|
·
|
We also seek to reduce operating costs at all of our properties, often by implementing energy efficiency programs that help the U.S. Government achieve its conservation and efficiency goals.
|
·
|
Our Manager’s asset management team also conducts frequent audits of each of our properties in concert with the GSA and the tenant agency so as to keep each facility in optimal condition, allowing the tenant agency to better perform its stated mission and helping to position us as a GSA partner of choice.
|
Renew Existing Leases at Positive Spreads
·
|
We intend to renew leases at our GSA-leased properties at positive spreads upon expiration.
|
·
|
Upon lease renewal, GSA rental rates are typically reset based on a number of factors, including inflation, the replacement cost of the building at the time of renewal and enhancements to the property since the date of the prior lease.
|
·
|
During the term of a GSA lease, we work in close partnership with the GSA to implement improvements at our properties to enhance the U.S. Government tenant agency’s ability to perform its stated mission, thereby increasing the importance of the building to the tenant agency and the probability of an increase in rent upon lease renewal.
|
Reduce Property-Level Operating Expenses
·
|
We manage our properties to increase our income, continuing to reduce property-level operating costs.
|
·
|
We manage our properties in a cost efficient manner so as to eliminate any excess spending and streamline our operating costs.
|
·
|
When we acquire a property, we review all property-level operating expenditures to determine whether and how the property can be managed more efficiently.
|
Our Initial Portfolio
Upon the completion of this offering and our formation transactions, we will own, through wholly-owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership, the initial portfolio of GSA Properties listed below. The following table presents an overview of our initial portfolio.
Initial Portfolio
|
Current Occupant
|
|
Rentable Sq. Ft
|
|
|
% of Initial Portfolio1
|
|
|
% Leased
|
|
Lease Expiration2
|
|
Annual Base Rent for Current Lease Year3
|
|
|
Annual Base Rent % of Initial Portfolio
|
|
Contribution Properties
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Port Saint Lucie, FL
650 NW Peacock Boulevard, Port Saint Lucie, Florida 34986
|
U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, or DEA
|
|
|
24,858 |
|
|
|
15.94 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
5/31/2027
|
|
$ |
562,257 |
|
|
|
11.90 |
% |
Jonesboro, AR
1809 LaTourette Drive, Jonesboro, Arkansas 72404
|
U.S. Social Security Administration, or SSA
|
|
|
16,439 |
|
|
|
10.54 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
1/11/2027
|
|
$ |
616,155 |
|
|
|
13.04 |
% |
Lorain, OH
221 West 5th Street, Lorain, Ohio 44052
|
SSA
|
|
|
11,607 |
|
|
|
7.44 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
3/ 11 /2024
|
|
$ |
437,423 |
|
|
|
9.26 |
% |
Cape Canaveral, FL
200 George King Boulevard, Port Canaveral, Florida 32920
|
U.S. Customs and Border Protection, or CBP
|
|
|
14,704 |
|
|
|
9.43 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
7/15/2027
|
|
$ |
645,805 |
|
|
|
13.67 |
% |
Johnson City, TN
2620 Knob Creek Road, Johnson City, Tennessee 37604
|
U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, or FBI
|
|
|
10,115 |
|
|
|
6.49 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
8/20/2027
|
|
$ |
392,077 |
|
|
|
8.30 |
% |
Fort Smith, AR
4624 Kelley Highway, Ft. Smith, Arkansas 72904
|
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, or CIS
|
|
|
13, 816 |
|
|
|
8.86 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
10/30/2029
|
|
$ |
419,627 |
|
|
|
8.88 |
% |
Silt, CO
2300 River Frontage Road, Silt, Colorado 81652
|
U.S. Bureau of Land Management, or BLM
|
|
|
18,813 |
|
|
|
12.06 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
9/30/2029
|
|
$ |
385,029 |
|
|
|
8.15 |
% |
Sub-Total Contribution Properties
|
|
|
|
110,352 |
|
|
|
70.76 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
$ |
3,458,373 |
|
|
|
73.22 |
% |
Owned Properties
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lakewood, CO
12305 West Dakota Avenue, Lakewood, Colorado 80228
|
US Department of Transportation, or DOT
|
|
|
19,241 |
|
|
|
12.34 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
6/20/2024
|
|
$ |
459,902 |
|
|
|
9.74 |
% |
Moore, OK
200 NE 27th Street, Moore, OK 73160
|
SSA
|
|
|
17,058 |
|
|
|
10.94 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
4/9/2027
|
|
$ |
524,018 |
|
|
|
11.09 |
% |
Lawton, OK
1610 SW Lee Boulevard, Lawton, OK 73501
|
SSA
|
|
|
9,298 |
|
|
|
5.96 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
8/16/2025
|
|
$ |
281,143 |
|
|
|
5.95 |
% |
Sub-Total– Owned Properties
|
|
|
|
45,597 |
|
|
|
29.24 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
$ |
1,265,063 |
|
|
|
26.78 |
% |
Total – Initial Portfolio
|
|
|
|
155,949 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
$ |
4,723,436 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
1 By rentable square footage.
2 The Lease Expiration date set forth in the table reflects the full term of the applicable lease, and does not account for any right of the tenant to terminate any such lease early.
Contribution Properties
We
will acquire our Contribution Properties through the contribution to us by Holmwood of all of the membership interests in the
seven single-member limited liability companies that own our Contribution Properties. In exchange, our operating partnership will:
(i) issue a number of OP Units to Holmwood equal to the agreed value of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties
as of the closing of the contribution, divided by $10.00; and (ii) assume all of the indebtedness secured by the Contribution
Properties and assume Holmwood’s corporate credit line. As of the date of this offering circular, the agreed
value of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties is $9,686,280, resulting in 968,628 OP Units being issued to Holmwood
and the assumption of an aggregate of $ 25,005,067 in indebtedness at the contribution closing. The value
of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties and the number of OP Units to be received by Holmwood each will
increase in accordance with the amortization of the debt secured by such properties or interests therein. The total purchase price
for our Contribution Properties was determined by our Manager and Holmwood. By agreement, the value of the Silt Property
was agreed to be Holmwood’s purchase price, and the values of the remaining Contribution Properties were determined by using
prevailing market capitalization rates, as determined by our Manager, and the 2016 pro forma net operating income of each remaining
Contribution Property.
Our Contribution Agreement requires us to enter into an agreement as of the closing of the contribution granting Holmwood registration and qualification rights covering the resale of the shares of common stock into which its OP Units will be convertible, subject to conditions set forth in our operating partner’s limited partnership agreement. In addition, as of the closing of the contribution we will enter into a tax protection agreement with Holmwood under which we will agree to (i) indemnify Holmwood for any taxes incurred as a result of a taxable sale of the Contribution Properties for a period of ten years after the closing; and (ii) indemnify Holmwood if a reduction in our nonrecourse liabilities secured by the Contribution Properties results in an incurrence of taxes, provided that we may offer Holmwood the opportunity to guaranty a portion of our operating partnership’s other nonrecourse indebtedness in order to avoid the incurrence of tax on Holmwood. For more information on the Contribution Properties, see “Description of Our Properties – Contribution Properties.”
Owned Properties
We
have acquired a portfolio of three properties described above located in Lakewood, Colorado, Moore , Oklahoma and Lawton,
Oklahoma, or our owned properties, on June 10 2016 through our operating partnership. The total contract purchase price
for our owned properties was $10,226,786, comprised of: (a) $1,925,000 in cash pursuant to a deposit made to the seller on April
1, 2016; (b) the defeasance of the seller’s senior secured debt on the properties at closing; and (c) issuance of a note
to the seller in an amount equal to $2,019,789, or the Standridge Note. The Standridge Note will mature on the earlier
of December 10, 2017, or the date on which the we consummate a public securities offering (which would include this offering),
or the date on which our owned properties are conveyed or refinanced by us. The Standridge Note is pre-payable prior to the maturity
date at any time without penalty and will bear annual interest at the rate 7.0%. The Standridge Note is unsecured but is guaranteed
by Messrs. Kaplan, Kaplan, Jr., Kurlander and Stanton, and Baker Hill Holding LLC. For more information on our owned properties,
see “Description of Our Properties – Owned Properties.”
In
addition to the Standridge Note, we acquired our owned properties using proceeds from our Series A Preferred Stock offering, secured
financing in the aggregate amount of $7,225,000 from CorAmerica, and the $1,000,000 Holmwood Loan. We anticipate
paying off both the Standridge Note and the Holmwood Loan with proceeds from the initial closing of this offering.
Summary Risk Factors
An investment in our common stock involves a number of risks. See “Risk Factors,” beginning on page 12 of this offering circular. Some of the more significant risks include those set forth below.
|
·
|
The Contribution Properties are owned by Holmwood, which is managed by our Manager. Messrs. Stanton, Kaplan, Jr. Kurlander, and Kaplan beneficially own significant interests in each of Holmwood and our Manager. While any acquisition of an affiliated property will be based on market terms and in accordance with our Investment Guidelines and Investment Policies, substantial conflicts of interest exist for our Manager and management team in advising each side of such transactions. We may pursue less vigorous enforcement of the terms of our agreements with Holmwood and our Manager because of conflicts of interest, which could materially and adversely affect us.
|
|
·
|
We were recently organized and do not have a significant operating history or financial resources. There is no assurance that we will be able to successfully achieve our investment objectives.
|
|
·
|
Investors will not have the opportunity to evaluate or approve any investments prior to our financing or acquisition thereof.
|
|
·
|
We may not be able to invest the net proceeds of this offering on terms acceptable to investors, or at all.
|
|
·
|
Investors will rely solely on our Manager to manage our company and our investments. Our Manager will have broad discretion to invest our capital and make decisions regarding investments. Investors will have limited control over changes in our policies and day-to-day operations, which increases the uncertainty and risks you face as an investor. In addition, our board of directors may approve changes to our policies without your approval.
|
|
·
|
There are substantial risks associated with owning, financing, operating and leasing real estate.
|
|
·
|
The amount of distributions we may make is uncertain. We may fund distributions from offering proceeds, borrowings and the sale of assets to the extent distributions exceed our earnings or cash flow from operations if we are unable to make distributions from our cash flow from operations. There is no limit on the amount of offering proceeds we may use to fund distributions. Distributions paid from sources other than cash flow from operations may constitute a return of capital to our stockholders. Rates of distribution may not be indicative of our operating results.
|
|
·
|
The offering price of our common stock was not established based upon any appraisals of assets we own or may own, and will not be adjusted based upon any such appraisals. Thus, the offering price may not accurately reflect the value of our assets at the time an investor’s investment is made.
|
|
·
|
Real estate-related investments, including joint ventures, and co-investments, involve substantial risks.
|
|
·
|
Some of our leases permit the occupying agency to vacate the property and for our tenant to discontinue paying rent prior to the lease expiration date.
|
|
|
|
|
·
|
Our company will pay substantial fees and expenses to our Manager and its affiliates. These fees will increase investors’ risk of loss, and will reduce the amounts available for investments. Some of those fees will be payable regardless of our profitability or any return to investors.
|
|
·
|
The tax protection agreement with Holmwood could limit our ability to sell, refinance or otherwise dispose of our Contribution Properties or make any such sale or other disposition costlier.
|
|
·
|
Substantial actual and potential conflicts of interest exist between our investors and our interests or the interests of our Manager, and our respective affiliates, including conflicts arising out of (a) allocation of personnel to our activities, (b) allocation of investment opportunities between us.
|
|
·
|
An investor could lose all or a substantial portion of its investment.
|
|
·
|
There is no public trading market for our common stock, and we are not obligated to effectuate a liquidity event by a certain date or at all. It will thus be difficult for an investor to sell its shares of our common stock. Although we intend to apply for quotation of our common stock on the OTCQX, even if we obtain that quotation, we do not know the extent to which investor interest will lead to the development and maintenance of a liquid trading market. Further, our common stock will not be quoted on the OTCQX until after the termination of this offering, if at all.
|
|
·
|
We may fail to qualify or maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. We would then be subject to corporate level taxation and we would not be required to pay any distributions to our stockholders.
|
Compensation to Our Manager
Type
|
|
Description
|
|
|
|
Asset Management Fee
|
|
We will pay our Manager an asset management fee equal to 1.5% of our stockholders’ equity payable quarterly in arrears in cash. For purposes of calculating the asset management fee, our stockholders’ equity means: (a) the sum of (1) the net proceeds from (or equity value assigned to) all issuances of our company’s equity and equity equivalent securities (including common stock, common stock equivalents, preferred stock and OP Units issued by our operating partnership) since inception (allocated on a pro rata daily basis for such issuances during the fiscal quarter of any such issuance), plus (2) our company’s retained earnings at the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter (without taking into account any non-cash equity compensation expense incurred in current or prior periods), less (b) any amount that our company has paid to repurchase our common stock issued in this or any subsequent offering. Stockholders’ equity also excludes (1) any unrealized gains and losses and other non-cash items (including depreciation and amortization) that have impacted stockholders’ equity as reported in our company’s financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, and (2) one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP, and certain non-cash items not otherwise described above, in each case after discussions between our Manager and our independent director(s) and approval by a majority of our independent directors.
|
|
|
|
Property Management Fee
|
|
We anticipate that our Manager’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Holmwood Capital Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Property Manager, will manage some or all of our company’s portfolio earning market-standard property management fees pursuant to a property management agreement executed between the Property Manager and our subsidiary owning the applicable property. We anticipate that the property management agreement will provide for a termination fee to be paid to the Property Manager if the Property Manager is terminated without cause or in the event of a sale of the subject property. The termination fee under the property management agreement will equal the aggregate property management fee paid to the Property Manager for the three full calendar months immediately prior to termination multiplied by four.
|
|
|
|
Acquisition Fee
|
|
We will pay an acquisition fee, payable in vested equity in our company, equal to 1% of the gross purchase price, as adjusted pursuant to any closing adjustments, of each investment made on our behalf by our Manager following the initial closing of this offering; provided, however that all Acquisition Fees for investments prior to the earlier of (a) the initial listing of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange, NYSE MKT, NASDAQ Stock Exchange, or any other national securities exchange, or a Listing Event, or (b) March 31, 2020, shall be accrued and paid simultaneously with the Listing Event, or on March 31, 2020, as applicable.
|
|
|
|
Leasing Fee
|
|
Our Manager will be entitled to a leasing fee equal to 2.0% of all gross rent due during the term of the lease or lease renewal, excluding reimbursements by the tenant for operating expenses and taxes and similar pass-through obligations paid by the tenant for any new lease or lease renewal entered into or exercised during the term of the Management Agreement. The Leasing Fee is due to our Manager within thirty (30) days of the commencement of rent payment under the applicable new lease or lease renewal. The Leasing Fee is payable in addition to any third party leasing commissions or fees incurred by us.
|
|
|
|
Equity Grants
|
|
Commencing
with the initial closing of this offering, our Manager shall receive a grant of our company’s equity securities, or a Grant,
which may be in the form of restricted shares of common stock, restricted stock units underlied by common stock, long-term incentive
units, or LTIP Units, or such other equity security as may be determined by the mutual consent of the board of directors (including
a majority of the independent directors) and our Manager, at each closing of an issuance of our company’s common stock or
any shares of common stock issuable pursuant to outstanding rights, options or warrants to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise
acquire shares on common stock that are in-the-money on such date in a public offering, such that following such Grant our Manager
shall own equity securities equivalent to 3.0% of the then issued and outstanding common stock of our company, on a fully diluted
basis, solely as a result of such Grants. For the avoidance of doubt, only equity securities owned pursuant to a Grant shall be
included in our Manager’s 3.0% ownership described in the preceding sentence, and no other equity securities owned by our
Manager or any member of our Manager shall be included in such calculation. Any Grant shall be subject to vesting over a five-year
period with vesting occurring on a quarterly basis, provided, that, the only vesting requirement shall be that the Management
Agreement (or any amendment, restatement or replacement hereof with our Manager continuing to provide the same general services
as provided hereunder to our company) remains in effect, and, further provided, that, if the Management Agreement is terminated
for any reason other than a termination for cause as described in the Management Agreement, then the vesting of any Grant shall
accelerate such that the Grant shall be fully vested as of such termination date. We anticipate making grants of 137,834
restricted shares of our common stock to our Manager if we sell the maximum offering amount.
|
|
|
|
Termination Fee
|
|
A
termination fee equal to three times the sum of the asset management fee s , acquisition fee s and leasing fees earned,
in each case, by our Manager during the 24-month period prior to such termination, calculated as of the end of the most recently
completed fiscal quarter prior to the date of termination; provided, however, that if the Listing Event has not occurred and no
accrued acquisition fees have been paid, then all accrued acquisition fees will be included in the above calculation of the termination
fee. The termination fee will be payable upon termination of the Management Agreement (i) by us without cause or (ii) by our Manager
if we materially breach the Management Agreement. The termination fee is payable in cash, vested equity of our company, or
a combination thereof, in the discretion of our board.
|
Conflicts of Interest
Our officers and directors, and the owners and officers of our Manager and its affiliates are currently not involved in the ownership and advising of other real estate entities and programs. However, there are no restrictions on the ability of our officers and directors, and the owners and officers of our Manager and its affiliates to be involved in the ownership and advising of other real estate entities and programs, including those sponsored by the affiliates of Holmwood or in which one or more affiliates or Holmwood is a manager or participant. These possible interests may arise in the future and may give rise to conflicts of interest with respect to our business, our investments and our investment opportunities. In particular, but without limitation:
|
·
|
Our Manager, its officers and their respective affiliates may face conflicts of interest relating to the purchase and leasing of real estate investments, and such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor. This could limit our investment opportunities, impair our ability to make distributions and reduce the value of your investment in us. Our Management Agreement provides that if our Manager or any of its affiliates sponsors or manages any new real estate entity or program with similar investment objectives to our company and has investment funds available at the same time as our company, our Manager must inform the board of directors of the method to be applied by our Manager in allocating investment opportunities among our company and competing investment entities and shall provide regular updates to the board of directors of the investment opportunities provided by our Manager to competing programs in order for the board of directors to evaluate that our Manager is allocating such opportunities in accordance with such method.
|
|
·
|
If we acquire properties from entities owned or sponsored by affiliates of our Manager, the price may be higher than we would pay if the transaction was the result of arm’s-length negotiations with a third party.
|
|
·
|
Our Manager will have considerable discretion with respect to the terms and timing of our acquisition, disposition and leasing transactions.
|
|
·
|
Our Manager and its affiliates, including our officers, some of whom are also our directors, may face conflicts of interest caused by their ownership of our Manager and their roles with other programs, which could result in actions that are not in the long-term best interests of our stockholders.
|
|
·
|
If the competing demands for the time of our Manager, its affiliates and our officers result in them spending insufficient time on our business, we may miss investment opportunities or have less efficient operations, which could reduce our profitability and result in lower distributions to you.
|
We do not have a policy that expressly restricts any of our directors, officers, stockholders or affiliates, including our Manager and its officers and employees, from having a pecuniary interest in an investment in or from conducting, for their own account, business activities of the type we conduct. We have not adopted any specific conflicts of interest policies, and, therefore, other than in respect of the restrictions placed on our Manager in the Management Agreement, we will be reliant upon the good faith of our Manager, officers and directors in the resolution of any conflict.
We
are party to the Contribution Agreement with Holmwood pursuant to which it will contribute to us all of the ownership interests
in the Contribution Properties as part of our formation transactions. Upon the initial closing of this offering, Holmwood will
contribute the Contribution Properties to us. In exchange, our operating partnership will: (i) issue a number of OP
Units to Holmwood equal to the agreed value of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties as of the closing of the
contribution, divided by $10.00; and (ii) assume all of the indebtedness secured by the Contribution Properties and assume Holmwood’s
corporate credit line. As of the date of this offering circular , the agreed value of Holmwood’s equity in the
Contribution Properties is $9,686,280, resulting in 968,628 OP Units being issued to Holmwood and the assumption of an aggregate
of $ 25,005,067 in indebtedness at the contribution closing. The value of Holmwood’s equity in the
Contribution Properties and the number of OP Units to be received by Holmwood each will increase in accordance with the
amortization of the debt secured by such properties or interests therein. The number of OP Units to be received will
increase and the amount of debt to be assumed will decrease as the debt secured by the Contribution Properties and Holmwood’s
corporate credit line is paid down. We will be entitled to indemnification and damages in the event of the breach of any representation,
warranty, covenant or agreement made by Holmwood pursuant to the contribution agreement. We will also enter into the tax protection
agreement with Holmwood and an agreement regarding registration and qualification rights for Holmwood’s OP Units.
We expect to enter into a property management agreement with the Property Manager for management of the Contribution Properties. We expect to pay the Property Manager’s property management fees at market-standard rates and will be require to pay the Property Manager a termination fee if we terminate them for any reason other than for cause.
These agreements, including any consideration payable by us under each such agreement, were not negotiated at arm’s length, and the terms of these agreements may not be as favorable to us as if they were so negotiated. To the extent that any breach, dispute or ambiguity arises with respect to any of these agreements, we may choose not to enforce, or to enforce less vigorously, our rights under these agreements due to our ongoing relationships with Holmwood, members of our senior management team, and the Property Manager.
Financing Policy
We anticipate that with respect to investments either acquired with debt financing or refinanced, the debt financing amount generally would be up to approximately 80% of the acquisition price of a particular investment, provided, however, we are not restricted in the amount of leverage we may use to finance an investment. Particular investments may be more highly leveraged. Further, our Manager expects that any debt financing for an investment will be secured by that investment or the interests in an entity that owns that investment.
Distribution Policy
In order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our annual taxable income (excluding net capital gains and income from operations or sales through a taxable REIT subsidiary, or TRS). We intend to make regular cash distributions to our stockholders out of our cash available for distribution, typically on a quarterly basis. Our board of directors will determine the amount of distributions to be distributed to our stockholders on a quarterly basis. The board of directors’ determination will be based on a number of factors, including funds available from operations, our capital expenditure requirements and the annual distribution requirements necessary to maintain our REIT qualification under the Code. As a result, our distribution rate and payment frequency may vary from time to time. Generally, our policy will be to pay distributions from cash flow from operations. However, our distributions may be paid from sources other than cash flow from operations, such as from the proceeds of this offering, borrowings, advances from our Manager or from our Manager’s deferral of its fees and expense reimbursements, as necessary. We intend to target an initial annual dividend on our common stock of $0.55 per share. See “Distribution Policy.”
REIT Status
We intend to elect to be treated as a REIT for federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2016. As long as we maintain our qualification as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income or excise tax on income that we currently distribute to our stockholders. Under the Code, a REIT is subject to numerous organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that it annually distribute at least 90% of its REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain) to its stockholders. If we fail to maintain our qualification as a REIT in any year, our income will be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates, regardless of our distributions to stockholders, and we may be precluded from qualifying for treatment as a REIT for the four-year period immediately following the taxable year in which such failure occurs. Even if we qualify for treatment as a REIT, we may still be subject to state and local taxes on our income and property and to federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income. Moreover, if we establish TRSs, such TRSs generally will be subject to federal income taxation and to various other taxes.
Restriction on Ownership and Transfer of Our Common Stock
Our charter contains a restriction on ownership of our shares that generally prevents any one person from owning more than 9.8% in value of the outstanding shares of our capital stock or more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock, unless otherwise excepted (prospectively or retroactively) by our board of directors. Our charter also contains other restrictions designed to help us maintain our qualification as a REIT. See “Description of Capital Stock — Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer.”
Background and Corporate Information
We were incorporated on March 11, 2016 under the laws of the State of Maryland for the purpose of raising capital and acquiring a portfolio of real estate assets, primarily GSA Properties. Our principal executive offices are located at 1819 Main Street, Suite 212, Sarasota, Florida 34236. Our telephone number is (941) 955-7900.
Reporting Requirements under Tier 2 of Regulation A
Following this Tier 2 Regulation A offering, we will be required to comply with certain ongoing disclosure requirements under Rule 257 of Regulation A. We will be required to file (i) an annual report with the SEC on Form 1-K, (ii) a semi-annual report with the SEC on Form 1-SA, (iii) current reports with the SEC on Form 1-U, and (iv) a notice under cover of Form 1-Z. The necessity to file current reports will be triggered by certain corporate events. Parts I & II of Form 1-Z will be filed by us if and when we decide to and are no longer obligated to file and provide annual reports pursuant to the requirements of Regulation A.
Capitalization
The table that follows demonstrates our capitalization structure immediately after this offering, assuming we sell the maximum amount under this offering.
Class of Stock
|
Total No. of Shares Issued and Outstanding
|
|
|
Common Stock
|
3,337,834 shares (1)
|
|
|
Series A Preferred Stock
|
96,000 shares(2)
|
|
|
OP Units
|
968,628 OP Units(3)
|
|
|
Fully Diluted Common Stock
|
4,594,462 shares(4)
|
(1)
|
This number includes 200,000 shares issued and outstanding prior to this offering, 3,000,000 shares issued in connection with this offering, and it assumes that we make grants to our Manager of 137,834 shares in connection with this offering. This number does not include shares of our common stock payable to our Manager as an acquisition fee in connection with our acquisition our owned properties in the amount of $153,401 as that fee is accrued but unpaid, subject to certain events occurring. See “Our Manager and Related Agreements – Management Fees Payable to Our Manager” for more information regarding the payment of acquisition fees.
|
(2)
|
Series A Preferred Stock will automatically be converted into common stock upon the initial listing of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange, NYSE MKT, NASDAQ Stock Exchange, or any other national securities exchange, or a Listing Event, at a ratio of three shares of common stock for every one share of Series A Preferred Stock held, assuming there are no accrued but unpaid preferred dividends on such holder’s shares of Series A Preferred Stock.
|
(3)
|
Holders
of OP Units have the right to require our operating partnership to redeem their OP Units. Our operating partnership has
the discretion to redeem such OP Units for either cash or common stock of our company. The number of OP Units to be
received by Holmwood will increase on a monthly basis in accordance with the amortization of the debt secured by our
Contribution Properties or interests therein.
|
(4)
|
This number includes (i) all issued and outstanding shares of common stock, (ii) all common stock converted from Series A Preferred Stock and OP Units, assuming a Listing Event has occurred, there are no accrued but outstanding preferred returns and our operating partnership chooses to redeem all OP Units in exchange of common stock of our company.
|
The Offering
Common stock offered by us:
|
3,000,000 shares ($30,000,000)
|
|
|
Common stock to be outstanding after
this offering (assuming the
maximum offering amount is sold):
|
3,337,834 shares
|
|
|
Minimum Offering Amount
|
500,000 shares ($5,000,000)
|
|
|
Minimum Offering Termination Date
|
If we do not close on the minimum offering amount on or before _________________, we will refund all subscription proceeds and this offering will terminate.
|
|
|
Offering Termination Date
|
Assuming we close on the minimum offering amount, this offering will remain open until the earlier of sale of the maximum offering amount or ____________.
|
|
|
Dividend rights
|
Our common stock will rank, with respect to dividend rights and rights upon our liquidation, winding-up or dissolution: |
|
● |
on parity with our common stock previously issued and currently outstanding or any other common stock issued and outstanding in the future; and
|
|
● |
junior to any other class or series of our capital stock, the terms of which expressly provide that it will rank senior to the common stock, including the 7.00% Series A Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, or the Series A Preferred Stock, and subject to payment of or provision for our debts and other liabilities. |
|
|
Voting rights
|
Each share of our common stock will entitle its holder to one vote per share. Holders of common stock will vote together, as a group, with holders of Series A Preferred Stock, on matters to which the holders of common stock are entitled to vote.
|
|
|
Use of Proceeds
|
We estimate that the net proceeds of this offering will be approximately $26,625,000, after deducting sales commissions of 7.0% of the offering proceeds payable to the Dealer-Manager, which it may re-allow and pay to participating broker-dealers, who sell shares pursuant to this offering, or the offered shares, and after deducting a non-accountable due diligence, marketing and expense reimbursement fee of 1.25% of the offering proceeds payable to the Dealer-Manager, which it may also re-allow and pay to the participating broker-dealers, and after deducting an estimated expense reimbursement payable to us. Specified sales may be made net of selling commissions, accountable expense allowance and non-accountable expense allowance. See “Plan of Distribution.” We intend to use the proceeds of this offering primarily for acquisitions of GSA Properties, the repayment of outstanding debt, including that secured by our Contribution Properties and the Holmwood Loan, and general working capital and corporate purposes.
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Tier 2, Regulation A Offering This is a Tier 2, Regulation A offering where the offered securities will not be listed on a registered national securities exchange upon qualification. This offering is being conducted pursuant to an exemption from registration under Regulation A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. After qualification, we intend to apply for these qualified securities to be eligible for quotation on the OTCQX. There is no guarantee that we will be able to list or that a market will develop.
Generally, if you are not an "accredited investor" as defined in Rule 501 (a) of Regulation D (17 CFR §230.501 (a)) no sale may be made to you in this offering if the aggregate purchase price you pay is more than 10% of the greater of your annual income or net worth. Different rules apply to accredited investors and non-natural persons. Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to refer to www.investor.gov . See “Plan of Distribution – Investment Limitations.”
Prospective investors should be aware that an investment in shares of our company’s common stock involves a high, and sometimes speculative, degree of risk, and is suitable only for persons or entities who are able to evaluate the risks of the investment. An investment in our shares should be made only by persons or entities able to bear the risk of and to withstand the total loss of their investment. Prospective investors should carefully read this offering circular prior to making a decision to purchase shares.
It is impossible to accurately predict the results to an investor from an investment in shares of our company’s common stock because of general risks associated with the ownership and operation of real estate, the risks associated with the types of properties our company intends to acquire, and certain tax risks, among other risks. These risks may be exacerbated by the additional risks associated with the specific properties that our company acquires and the ownership structure of the investment. Such specific risks include, but are not limited to, high vacancy rates, tenants in possession but not paying rent, tenants paying rent but who have “gone dark,” properties that need substantial capital improvements and/or repositioning in their local markets, properties that are not generating income, and risks relating to joint venture and co-investor structures. In addition, prospective investors must rely solely upon our Manager to identify investment opportunities and to negotiate any debt financing. Prospective investors who are unwilling to rely solely on our Manager should not invest in our shares.
Each prospective investor should consider carefully, among other risks, the following risks, and should consult with his own legal, tax, and financial advisors with respect thereto prior to investing in shares of our company’s common stock.
Risks Related to Our Business and Investments
Upon raising the minimum we will only own ten properties. Upon raising the minimum, our portfolio will consist only of our initial portfolio of ten properties. We cannot provide prospective investors with any specific information as to the identification, location, operating histories, lease terms or other relevant economic and financial data regarding any other investments we will make with the net proceeds of this offering. Our success is totally dependent on our ability to make investments consistent with our investment goals, and a failure to do so is likely to materially and adversely affect returns to our stockholders.
You will not have the opportunity to evaluate our investments before we make them. Because we have not identified all of the specific assets that we will acquire with the proceeds raised in this offering, we are not able to provide you with information that you may want to evaluate before deciding to invest in our shares. Our board of directors has approved our Investment Policies as described herein and our Investment Guidelines which require our Manager to not engage in any activity that will, or reasonably could be expected to cause our company (or our operating partnership) to: (i) fail to qualify as a REIT under the Code and the applicable Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, as amended, or (ii) be regulated as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Any change to such Investment Guidelines will require the approval of a majority of the independent directors of our company. Otherwise, our Manager has very broad authority to amend the Investment Policies described herein without the approval of the board of directors or shareholders. Our Manager and board of directors have absolute discretion in implementing the Investment Policies and Investment Guidelines, subject to the restrictions on investment objectives and policies set forth in our articles of incorporation. Because you cannot evaluate our investments in advance of purchasing shares of our common stock, this offering may entail more risk than other types of offerings. This additional risk may hinder your ability to achieve your own personal investment objectives related to portfolio diversification, risk-adjusted investment returns and other objectives.
Our
primary business currently is limited to the ownership and operation of GSA Properties. Our current strategy is to acquire,
own, operate and manage GSA Properties. Consequently, we are subject to risks inherent in investments in one sector of the real
estate industry. This strategy limits asset diversification of our investment portfolio. Furthermore, because investments in real
estate are inherently illiquid, it is difficult to limit our risk in response to economic, market and other conditions. See “Risks
Related to the Real estate Industry and Investments in Real Estate – Real estate investments are not as liquid as other
types of assets, which may reduce economic returns to our stockholders .”
Our
growth depends on successfully identifying and consummating acquisitions of additional GSA Properties and any delay or failure
on our part to identify, finance and consummate acquisitions on favorable terms could materially and adversely affect us. Our
ability to expand by acquiring additional GSA Properties is integral to our growth strategy and requires us first to identify
suitable acquisition candidates. Our growth strategy is to focus primarily on acquiring additional GSA Properties. There are a
limited number of GSA Properties that fit this strategy, and we will have fewer opportunities to grow our portfolio than other
entities that purchase properties that are primarily leased to the GSA and also to state government or non-government tenants.
Also, because of the strong credit quality of our federal government tenant base, we face significant competition for acquisitions
of GSA Properties from many investors, including publicly traded REITs, high net worth individuals, commercial developers, real
estate companies and institutional investors with more substantial resources and access to capital than we have. This competition
may require us to accept less favorable terms (including higher purchase prices) in order to consummate a particular GSA Property.
In addition, we may identify a portfolio of GSA Properties that are owned by one potential seller. It is not uncommon for a seller
of a portfolio of GSA Properties to be unwilling to allow the carve-out of one or more such GSA Properties from the portfolio
if for due diligence or other reasons, we do not wish to pursue or complete the purchase of one or more of such GSA Properties
in the portfolio. As a result, we may be required to purchase an under-performing or otherwise deficient GSA Property in order
to obtain the valuable properties in a GSA portfolio or forego the entire opportunity. Accordingly, and for all of these reasons
and others, we cannot assure you that we will be able to identify GSA Properties or portfolios of GSA Properties available for
sale or negotiate and consummate their acquisition on favorable terms, or at all, obtain the most efficient form of financing,
or any financing at all, for such acquisitions or have sufficient resources internally to fund such acquisition, without external
financing. If we are unable to identify and consummate sufficient acquisitions of GSA Properties, we may be forced to alter our
primary strategy of investing in GSA Properties. See “Risks Related to Our Debt Financing – Our inability to obtain
financing on reasonable terms would be impacted by negative capital market conditions”. Any delay or failure on our part
to identify, negotiate, finance and consummate such additional acquisitions on favorable terms could materially and adversely
affect us.
We may not be able to successfully integrate additional investments into our business, which could materially and adversely affect our investment returns. We will not have operational experience with any additional investments, and many of our additional acquisitions may be in geographic markets in which we do not currently operate. Accordingly, to the extent we acquire any such properties, we will not possess the same level of familiarity with them, and they may fail to perform in accordance with our expectations as a result of our inability to operate them successfully, our failure to integrate them successfully into our business or our inability to assess their true value in calculating their purchase prices or otherwise, which could have a material adverse effect on us.
We must obtain the consent of the GSA in order to assume the rights and obligations of the landlord under the leases of GSA Properties we acquire, and we will need to collect the rent from the former owners of those GSA Properties until that consent is obtained. The leases associated with GSA Properties we acquire require that we obtain the consent of the GSA in order to transfer the rights and obligations of the landlord from the respective sellers to us. The consent process is time-consuming and not obligatory on the part of the GSA. The GSA will continue to pay rent to the former owners of those properties until the applicable consent is obtained. By virtue of our purchase agreements and the documents to be executed by sellers when we acquire GSA Properties, we will require the sellers to assign us the rights to any rent that they receive from the GSA from the time we acquire a GSA Property until the GSA’s consent is obtained. If one or more former owners of our GSA Properties improperly retain rent payments or become subject to bankruptcy, receivership or other insolvency proceedings, we may be unable to recover the rent payable under the applicable GSA Property lease in a timely manner, or at all, which could materially and adversely affect us.
An increase in the amount of federal government-owned real estate relative to federal government-leased real estate may materially and adversely affect us. If the federal government were to increase its owned real estate relative to its leased real estate, there would be fewer opportunities to acquire and own GSA Properties. In addition, agencies that occupy one or more of our GSA Properties may relocate to federal government-owned real estate which would likely materially and adversely affect our ability to renew the lease or leases affected. Furthermore, it may become more difficult for us to locate GSA Properties in order to grow our business. Any of these matters could materially and adversely affect us.
The federal government’s “green lease” policies may materially and adversely affect us. In recent years, the federal government has instituted “green lease” policies which allow a government occupant to require LEED® certification in selecting new premises or renewing leases at existing premises. Obtaining such certifications and labels may be costly and time consuming, and our failure to do so may result in our competitive disadvantage in purchasing additional GSA Properties, or retaining existing, federal government occupants. Of the properties in our initial portfolio, five out of the 10 are LEED® certified and another has LEED® certification in process. Obtaining such certification for the remaining properties in our initial portfolio and GSA Properties that we may acquire in the future could result in increased costs not projected by us. The failure to obtain any such certification or satisfy any other “green lease” policies could materially and adversely affect us.
Generally,
we will be required to pay for all maintenance, repairs, base property taxes, utilities and insurance; amounts recoverable under
the leases of our GSA Properties for increased operating costs may be less than the actual costs we incur. Federal government
leases generally require the landlord to pay for maintenance, repairs, base property taxes, utilities and insurance. Although
the GSA is typically obligated to pay the landlord adjusted rent for changes in certain operating costs (e.g., the costs
of cleaning services, supplies, materials, maintenance, trash removal, landscaping, water, sewer charges, heating, electricity,
repairs and certain administrative expenses but not including insurance), the amount of any adjustment is based on a cost of living
index rather than the actual amount of our costs. As a result, to the extent the amount payable to us based upon the cost of living
adjustments does not cover our actual operating costs, our operating results could be adversely affected. Furthermore, the federal
government typically is obligated to reimburse us for increases in real property taxes above a base amount but only if we provide
the proper documentation in a timely manner. Notwithstanding federal government reimbursement obligations, we remain primarily
responsible for the payment of all such costs and taxes. See “Our Business and Properties – Description of GSA Leases.”
GSA Properties may have a higher risk of terrorist attack. Because our primary tenant will be the federal government, our GSA Properties may have a higher risk of terrorist attack than similar properties that are leased to non-government tenants. Terrorist attacks may negatively affect our GSA Properties in a manner that materially and adversely affects us. We cannot assure you that there will not be further terrorist attacks against or in the United States or against the federal government. These attacks may directly impact the value of our GSA Properties through damage, destruction, loss or increased security costs. Certain losses resulting from these types of events are uninsurable and others may not be covered by our current terrorism insurance. Additional terrorism insurance may not be available at a reasonable price or at all.
There are some risks which are unique to specific properties. Because our GSA Properties are built-to-suit for various federal government agencies and are dispersed across the United States, individual GSA Properties may have unique risks which are not characteristic of the portfolio as a whole.
Our Manager may not be successful in identifying and consummating suitable investment opportunities. Our investment strategy requires us, through our Manager, to identify suitable investment opportunities compatible with our investment criteria. Our Manager may not be successful in identifying suitable opportunities that meet our criteria or in consummating investments, including those identified as part of our investment pipeline, on satisfactory terms or at all. Our ability to make investments on favorable terms may be constrained by several factors including, but not limited to, competition from other investors with significant capital, including publicly-traded REITs and institutional investment funds, which may significantly increase investment costs; and/or the inability to finance an investment on favorable terms or at all. The failure to identify or consummate investments on satisfactory terms, or at all, may impede our growth and negatively affect our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
If we cannot obtain additional capital, our ability to make acquisitions will be limited. We are subject to risks associated with debt and capital stock issuances, and such issuances may have consequences to holders of shares of our common stock. Our ability to make acquisitions will depend, in large part, upon our ability to raise additional capital. If we were to raise additional capital through the issuance of equity securities, we could dilute the interests of holders of shares of our common stock. Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of classes or series of preferred stock which may have rights that could dilute, or otherwise adversely affect, the interest of holders of shares our common stock.
Further, we expect to incur additional indebtedness in the future, which may include a corporate credit facility. Such indebtedness could also have other important consequences to holders of the notes and holders of our common and preferred stock, including subjecting us to covenants restricting our operating flexibility, increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate requirements, requiring the use of a portion of our cash flow from operations for the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, thereby reducing our ability to use our cash flow to fund working capital, acquisitions, capital expenditures and general corporate requirements, and limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry.
Lack of diversification in number of investments increases our dependence on individual investments. If we acquire other property interests that are similarly large in relation to our overall size, our portfolio could become even more concentrated, increasing the risk of loss to stockholders if a default or other problem arises. Alternatively, property sales may reduce the aggregate amount of our property investment portfolio in value or number. As a result, our portfolio could become concentrated in larger assets, thereby reducing the benefits of diversification by geography, property type, tenancy or other measures.
We may never reach sufficient size to achieve diversity in our portfolio. We are presently a comparatively a small company primarily focusing on sourcing, acquiring, leasing and managing GSA Properties, resulting in a portfolio that lacks tenant diversity and has limited geographic diversity. While we intend to endeavor to grow and geographically diversify our portfolio through additional property acquisitions, we may never reach a significant size to achieve true geographic diversity.
We have no operating history and limited capitalization. We were organized in March 2016 for the purpose of engaging in the activities set forth in this offering circular. We have no history of operations and, accordingly, no performance history to which a potential investor may refer in determining whether to invest in us. While we will engage in this offering to raise capital, we will nonetheless have limited capitalization. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by new ventures, including our reliance on our Manager and its key personnel and affiliates and other factors. We are confident that our Manager will select profitable, relatively risk averse investments. However, there is no assurance that any attempts by our Manager to reduce the potential risks for our company to incur losses will be successful. A significant financial reversal for our Manager or its affiliates could adversely affect the ability of our Manager to satisfy its obligation to manage our company.
Additionally, because we are a newly formed company with no previous operating history, it may be more difficult for us to raise reasonably priced capital than more established companies, many of which have established financing programs and, in some cases, have investment grade credit ratings. Accordingly, we will not be able to retain sufficient cash flow from operations to meet our debt service requirements and repay our debt, satisfy our operational requirements, pay dividends to our stockholders (including those necessary for our qualification as a REIT) and successfully execute our growth strategy. We will need to raise additional capital for these purposes, and we cannot assure you that a sufficient amount of capital will be available to us on favorable terms, or at all, when needed, which would materially and adversely affect us. A significant portion of net proceeds from this offering may be used to repay debt secured by our initial portfolio of properties and to fund the aggregate purchase price later acquired properties and, as a result, will not be available for these purposes.
The market for real estate investments, and particularly GSA Properties, is highly competitive. Identifying attractive real estate investment opportunities, particularly with GSA Properties, is difficult and involves a high degree of uncertainty. Furthermore, the historical performance of a particular property or market is not a guarantee or prediction of the property’s or market’s future performance. There can be no assurance that we will be able to locate suitable acquisition opportunities, achieve its investment goal and objectives, or fully deploy for investment the net proceeds of this offering.
Because of the recent growth in demand for real estate investments, there may be increased competition among investors to invest in the same asset classes as our company. This competition may lead to an increase in the investment prices or otherwise less favorable investment terms. If this situation occurs with a particular investment, our return on that investment is likely to be less than the return it could have achieved if it had invested at a time of less investor competition for the investment. For this and other reasons, our Manager is under no restrictions concerning the timing of investments.
Investments that are not single-tenant, GSA Properties, as permitted under our Investment Policies, may increase risk. If we make investments that are not single-tenant, GSA Properties, as permitted under our Investment Policies, some or all of the leases from those investments will not be backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America. This may increase the risk of default and non-payment under those leases, and consequently, may negatively affect your investment in us.
We are required to make a number of judgments in applying accounting policies, and different estimates and assumptions in the application of these policies could result in changes to our reporting of financial condition and results of operations. Various estimates are used in the preparation of our financial statements, including estimates related to asset and liability valuations (or potential impairments) and various receivables. Often these estimates require the use of market data values that may be difficult to assess, as well as estimates of future performance or receivables collectability that may be difficult to accurately predict. While we have identified those accounting policies that are considered critical and have procedures in place to facilitate the associated judgments, different assumptions in the application of these policies could result in material changes to our financial condition and results of operations.
We utilize, and intend to continue to utilize, leverage, which may limit our financial flexibility in the future. We make acquisitions and operate our business in part through the utilization of leverage pursuant to loan agreements with various financial institutions. These loan agreements contain financial covenants that restrict our operations. These financial covenants, as well as any future financial covenants we may enter into through further loan agreements, could inhibit our financial flexibility in the future and prevent distributions to stockholders.
We may incur losses as a result of ineffective risk management processes and strategies. We seek to monitor and control our risk exposure through a risk and control framework encompassing a variety of separate but complementary financial, credit, operational, compliance and legal reporting systems, internal controls, management review processes and other mechanisms. While we employ a broad and diversified set of risk monitoring and risk mitigation techniques, those techniques and the judgments that accompany their application cannot anticipate every economic and financial outcome or the specifics and timing of such outcomes. Thus, we may, in the course of our activities, incur losses due to these risks.
We are dependent on information systems and third parties, and systems failures could significantly disrupt our business, which may, in turn, negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. Our business is dependent on communications and information systems, some of which are provided by third parties. Any failure or interruption of our systems could cause delays or other problems, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Inflation may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Inflation might have both positive and negative impacts upon us. Inflation might cause the value of our real estate to increase. Inflation might also cause our costs of equity and debt capital and operating costs to increase. An increase in our capital costs or in our operating costs will result in decreased earnings unless it is offset by increased revenues. Our federal government-leases generally provide for annual rent increases based on a cost of living index for the locality in which the particular property is located, which should offset any increased costs as a result of inflation, but it may not offset all increased costs.
To mitigate the adverse impact of any increased cost of debt capital in the event of material inflation, we may enter into interest rate hedge arrangements in the future, but we have no present intention to do so. The decision to enter into these agreements will be based on the amount of our floating rate debt outstanding, our belief that material interest rate increases are likely to occur and requirements of our borrowing arrangements.
Risks Related to our Management and Relationships with our Manager
We are managed by an external manager, Holmwood Capital Advisors, LLC. Our Manager of our company is external to our company, and you will own no rights in our Manager by purchasing the offered shares. Our Manager has the right under our Management Agreement, subject to the Investment Guidelines, to cause us to acquire and finance investments without further approval of our board of directors and is only required to meet the standards of care and other requirements set forth in our Management Agreement.
We are dependent on our Manager and its key personnel for our success. Currently, we are advised by our Manager and, pursuant to the Management Agreement, our Manager is not obligated to dedicate any specific personnel exclusively to us, nor is its personnel obligated to dedicate any specific portion of their time to the management of our business. As a result, we cannot provide any assurances regarding the amount of time our Manager will dedicate to the management of our business. Moreover, each of our officers and non-independent directors is also an officer and member of our Manager or one of its affiliates and may not always be able to devote sufficient time to the management of our business. Of our officers and directors, only Mr. Stanton and Ms. Watson are full-time employees of our Manager. Consequently, we may not receive the level of support and assistance that we otherwise might receive if we were internally managed.
In addition, we offer no assurance that our Manager will remain our manager or that we will continue to have access to our Manager’s principals and professionals. The initial term of our Management Agreement with our Manager only extends until March 31, 2018, with automatic one-year renewals thereafter, and may be terminated earlier under certain circumstances. If the Management Agreement is terminated or not renewed and no suitable replacement is found to manage us, we may not be able to execute our business plan, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
The inability of our Manager to retain or obtain key personnel could delay or hinder implementation of our investment strategies, which could impair our ability to make distributions and could reduce the value of your investment. Our Manager is obligated to supply us with substantially all of our senior management team, including our chief executive officer, president, vice president, treasurer and secretary. Subject to investment, leverage and other guidelines or policies adopted by our board of directors, our Manager has significant discretion regarding the implementation of our investment and operating policies and strategies. Accordingly, we believe that our success will depend significantly upon the experience, skill, resources, relationships and contacts of the senior officers and key personnel of our Manager and its affiliates. In particular, our success depends to a significant degree upon the contributions of Messrs. Robert R. Kaplan, Robert R. Kaplan, Jr., Philip Kurlander and Edwin M. Stanton and Ms. Elizabeth Watson, who are senior officers of our Manager. We do not have employment agreements with any of these key personnel and do not have key man life insurance on any of them. If any of Messrs. Kaplan, Kaplan, Jr., Kurlander and Stanton or Ms. Watson were to cease their affiliation with us or our Manager, our Manager may be unable to find suitable replacements, and our operating results could suffer. We believe that our future success depends, in large part, upon our Manager’s ability to hire and retain highly skilled managerial, operational and marketing personnel. Competition for highly skilled personnel is intense, and our Manager may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining such skilled personnel. If we lose or are unable to obtain the services of highly skilled personnel, our ability to implement our investment strategies could be delayed or hindered, and the value of your investment may decline.
Our Manager’s limited operating history makes it difficult for you to evaluate this investment. Our Manager has less than two years of operating history and may not be able to successfully operate our business or achieve our investment objectives. We may not be able to conduct our business as described in our plan of operation.
Our Manager and its affiliates may receive compensation regardless of profitability. Our Manager will be entitled to receive an annual Asset Management Fee of 1.5% of our stockholders’ equity per annum. In addition, our Manager will receive a 1.0% Acquisition Fee of the purchase price, as adjusted pursuant to any closing adjustments, on acquisitions. These fees are expenses of our company and are payable regardless of the profitability of our company or whether any distributions are made to you; provided that the acquisition fee is payable solely in equity and will be accrued until a Listing Event, as defined herein. For further detail, see “Compensation to Our Manager”.
Termination of our Management Agreement, even for poor performance, could be difficult and costly, including as a result of termination fees, and may cause us to be unable to execute our business plan. Termination of our Management Agreement without cause, even for poor performance, could be difficult and costly. We may generally terminate our Manager for cause, without payment of any termination fee, if (i) our Manager, its agents or assignees breaches any material provision of the Management Agreement and such breach shall continue for a period of 30 days after written notice thereof specifying such breach and requesting that the same be remedied in such 30-day period (or 45 days after written notice of such breach if our Manager takes steps to cure such breach within 30 days of the written notice), (ii) there is a commencement of any proceeding relating to our Manager’s bankruptcy or insolvency, including an order for relief in an involuntary bankruptcy case or our Manager authorizing or filing a voluntary bankruptcy petition, (iii) any “Manager Change of Control,” as defined in the Management Agreement, which a majority of the independent directors determines is materially detrimental to us and our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (iv) the dissolution of our Manager, or (v) our Manager commits fraud against us, misappropriates or embezzles our funds, or acts, or fails to act, in a manner constituting gross negligence, or acts in a manner constituting bad faith or willful misconduct, in the performance of its duties under the Management Agreement; provided, however, that if any of the actions or omissions described in clause (v) above are caused by an employee and/or officer of our Manager or one of its affiliates and our Manager takes all necessary and appropriate action against such person and cures the damage caused by such actions or omissions within 30 days of our Manager actual knowledge of its commission or omission, we will not have the right to terminate the Management Agreement for cause and any termination notice previously given will be deemed to have been rescinded and nugatory.
The
Management Agreement will continue in operation, unless terminated in accordance with the terms hereof for an initial term through
March 31, 2018, or the Initial Term, and then will automatically renew annually. After the Initial Term, the Management Agreement
will be deemed renewed automatically each year for an additional one-year period, or an Automatic Renewal Term, unless our company
or our Manager elects not to renew. Upon the expiration of the Initial Term or any Automatic Renewal Term and upon 180 days’
prior written notice to our Manager, our company may, without cause, but solely in connection with the expiration of the Initial
Term or the then current Automatic Renewal Term, and upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the independent directors,
decline to renew the Management Agreement, any such nonrenewal, a Termination Without Cause. In the event of a Termination Without
Cause, we will be required to pay our Manager a termination fee before or on the last day of the Initial Term or such Automatic
Renewal Term. Such termination fee will be equal to three times the sum of asset management fees, acquisition fees and leasing
fees earned, in each case, by our Manager during the 24 -month period prior to such termination, calculated as of the
end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter ; provided however, that if the Listing Event has not occurred and no acquisition
fees have been paid, then all accrued acquisition fees will be included in the calculation of the termination fee . The
termination fee is payable in vested equity of our company, cash, or a combination thereof in the discretion of our board .
These provisions may substantially restrict our ability to terminate the Management Agreement without cause and would cause us
to incur substantial costs in connection with such a termination. Furthermore, in the event that our Management Agreement is terminated,
with or without cause, and we are unable to identify a suitable replacement to manage us, our ability to execute our business
plan could be adversely affected.
Because we are dependent upon our Manager and its affiliates to conduct our operations, any adverse changes in the financial health of our Manager or its affiliates or our relationship with them could hinder our operating performance and the return on your investment. We are dependent on our Manager and its affiliates to manage our operations and acquire and manage our portfolio of real estate assets. Under the direction of our board of directors, and subject to our Investment Guidelines, our Manager makes all decisions with respect to the management of our company. Our Manager depends upon the fees and other compensation that it receives from us in connection with managing our company to conduct its operations. Any adverse changes in the financial condition of our Manager or its affiliates, or our relationship with our Manager, could hinder its ability to successfully manage our operations and our portfolio of investments, which would adversely affect us and our stockholders.
Our board of directors has approved very broad Investment Guidelines for our Manager and will not approve each investment and financing decision made by our Manager unless required by our Investment Guidelines. Our Manager is authorized to follow broad Investment Guidelines established by our board of directors relative to implementing our investment strategy. Our board of directors will periodically review our Investment Guidelines and our portfolio of assets but will not, and will not be required to, review all of our proposed investments, except if our Manager proposes an investment outside of the parameters of our Investment Guidelines. In addition, in conducting periodic reviews, our board of directors may rely primarily on information provided to them by our Manager. Furthermore, transactions entered into by our Manager may be costly, difficult or impossible to unwind by the time they are reviewed by our board of directors. Our Manager has great latitude within the parameters of our Investment Guidelines in determining the types, amounts and geographic locations of assets in which to invest on our behalf, which may result in making investments that may result in returns that are substantially below expectations or result in losses, which would materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations, or may otherwise not be in the best interests of our stockholders.
Our Manager and our senior management team have no experience managing a REIT. Our senior management team has no experience managing a REIT. We cannot assure you that the past experience of our Manager and our senior management team will be sufficient to successfully operate our company as a REIT, including the requirements to timely meet disclosure requirements of the SEC, state requirements, and requirements relative to maintaining our qualification as a REIT.
Our Manager may fail to identify acceptable investments. There can be no assurances that our Manager will be able to identify, make or acquire suitable investments meeting our investment criteria. There is no guarantee that any investment selected by our Manager will generate operating income or gains. While affiliates of our Manager have been successful in the past in identifying and structuring favorable real estate investments, there is no guarantee that our Manager will be able to identify and structure favorable investments in the future.
Risks Related to the Real Estate Industry and Investments in Real Estate
Our real estate investments are subject to risks particular to real property. Real property investments are subject to varying risks and market fluctuations. These events include, but are not limited to:
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adverse changes in national, regional and local economic and demographic conditions;
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the availability of financing, including financing necessary to extend or refinance debt maturities;
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the ability to control operating costs (particularly at our properties where we are not allowed to pass all or even a portion of those costs through to our tenants);
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increases in tenant vacancies, difficulty in re-letting space and the need to offer tenants below-market rents or concessions;
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decreases in rental rates;
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increases in interest rates, which could negatively impact the ability of any non-government tenants to make rental payments;
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an increase in competition for, or a decrease in demand by, tenants, especially the federal government and its agencies and departments;
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the financial strength of tenants and the risk of any non-government tenant bankruptcies and lease defaults;
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an increase in supply or decrease in demand of our property types;
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introduction of a competitor’s property in or in close proximity to one of our properties;
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the adoption on the national, state or local level of more restrictive laws and governmental regulations, including more restrictive zoning, land use or environmental regulations and increased real estate taxes;
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opposition from local community or political groups with respect to the construction or operations at a property;
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adverse changes in the perceptions of prospective tenants or purchasers of the attractiveness, convenience or safety of a property;
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our inability to provide effective and efficient management and maintenance at our properties;
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the investigation, removal or remediation of hazardous materials or toxic substances at a property;
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our inability to collect rent or other receivables;
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the effects of any terrorist activity;
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underinsured or uninsured natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods or hurricanes; and
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our inability to obtain adequate insurance on favorable terms.
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The value of our properties and our performance may decline due to the realization of risks associated with the real estate industry, which could materially and adversely affect us.
Real estate investments are not as liquid as other types of assets, which may reduce economic returns to our stockholders. Real estate investments are not as liquid as other types of investments. In addition, the instruments that we purchase in connection with privately negotiated transactions are not registered under the relevant securities laws, resulting in a prohibition against their transfer, sale, pledge or other disposition except in a transaction that is exempt from the registration requirements of, or is otherwise in accordance with, those laws. As a result, our ability to sell under-performing assets in our portfolio or respond to changes in economic and other conditions may be relatively limited.
Investments in real estate-related assets can be speculative. Investments in real estate-related assets can involve speculative risks and always involve substantial risks. No assurance can be given that our Manager will be able to execute the investment strategy or that stockholders in our company will realize their investment objectives. No assurance can be given that our stockholders will realize a substantial return (if any) on their investment or that they will not lose their entire investment in our company. For this reason, each prospective purchaser of shares of our common stock should carefully read this offering circular and all exhibits to this offering circular. All such persons or entities should consult with their attorney or business advisor prior to making an investment.
Our investments are anticipated to be concentrated in GSA Properties. We expect to concentrate on investing in GSA Properties. If GSA Properties experience a material adverse event, our company and our stockholders would likely be significantly and adversely affected.
Liability relating to environmental matters may impact the value of the properties that we may acquire or underlying our investments. Under various U.S. federal, state and local laws, an owner or operator of real property may become liable for the costs of removal of certain hazardous substances released on its property. These laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the release of such hazardous substances. If we fail to disclose environmental issues, we could also be liable to a buyer or lessee of a property.
There may be environmental problems associated with our properties which we were unaware of at the time of acquisition. The presence of hazardous substances may adversely affect our ability to sell real estate, including the affected property, or borrow using real estate as collateral. The presence of hazardous substances, if any, on our properties may cause us to incur substantial remediation costs, thus harming our financial condition. In addition, although our leases will generally require our tenants to operate in compliance with all applicable laws and to indemnify us against any environmental liabilities arising from a tenant’s activities on the property, we nonetheless would be subject to strict liability by virtue of our ownership interest for environmental liabilities created by such tenants, and we cannot ensure the stockholders that any tenants we might have would satisfy their indemnification obligations under the applicable sales agreement or lease. The discovery of material environmental liabilities attached to such properties could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.
Discovery of previously undetected environmentally hazardous conditions, including mold or asbestos, may lead to liability for adverse health effects and costs of remediating the problem could adversely affect our operating results. Under various U.S. federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the cost of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, under or in such property. The costs of removal or remediation could be substantial. Such laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. Environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or businesses may be operated, and these restrictions may require substantial expenditures. Environmental laws provide for sanctions in the event of noncompliance and may be enforced by governmental agencies or, in certain circumstances, by private parties. Certain environmental laws and common law principles could be used to impose liability for release of and exposure to hazardous substances, including asbestos-containing materials into the air, and third parties may seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury or property damage associated with exposure to released hazardous substances. The cost of defending against claims of liability, of compliance with environmental regulatory requirements, of remediating any contaminated property, or of paying personal injury claims related to any contaminated property could materially adversely affect our business, assets or results of operations and, consequently, amounts available for distribution to our security holders.
An environmental site assessment performed on the Cape Canaveral property revealed chlorinated solvent contamination in the soil, groundwater, and in the surrounding area. An environmental site assessment performed on the Cape Canaveral property revealed chlorinated solvent contamination in the soil, groundwater, and in the surrounding area, including the subject property, in 1995, which is related to a former sump. The responsible party was identified as the Canaveral Port Authority. Several site assessments, groundwater monitoring events, remedial action plans and risk assessments have been performed at the site since the contamination was first identified.
A Site Wide Groundwater Monitoring Event Report, or the Groundwater Report, was conducted on the property in September 2014. While the Groundwater Report provides information that the risk associated with the event is decreasing, we cannot be certain that will be the case. As a result, we may be exposed to increased risk of financial loss and our investment may underperform as a result.
We may invest in real-estate related investments, including joint ventures and co-investment arrangements. We expect to primarily invest in properties as sole owner. However, we may, in our Manager's sole discretion subject to our Investment Guidelines, invest as a joint venture partner or co-investor in an investment. In such event, we generally anticipate owning a controlling interest in the joint venture or co-investment vehicle. However, our joint venture partner or co-investor may have a consent or similar right with respect to certain major decisions with respect to an investment, including a refinancing, sale or other disposition. Additionally, we may rely on our joint venture partner or co-investor to act as the property manager or developer, and, thus, our returns will be subject to the performance of our joint venture partner or co-investor. While our Manager does not intend for these types of investments to be a primary focus of our company, our Manager may make such investments in its sole discretion.
Adverse economic conditions may negatively affect our results of operations and, as a result, our ability to make distributions to our stockholders or to realize appreciation in the value of our investments. Our operating results may be adversely affected by market and economic challenges, which may negatively affect our returns and profitability and, as a result, our ability to make distributions to our stockholders or to realize appreciation in the value of our investments. These market and economic challenges include, but are not limited to, the failure of the real estate market to attract the same level of capital investment in the future that it attracts at the time of our purchases or a reduction in the number of companies seeking to acquire properties may result in the value of our investments not appreciating or decreasing significantly below the amount we pay for these investments.
The length and severity of any economic slow-down or downturn cannot be predicted. Our operations and, as a result, our ability to make distributions to our stockholders and/or our ability to realize appreciation in the value of our properties could be materially and adversely affected to the extent that an economic slow-down or downturn is prolonged or becomes severe.
We may be adversely affected by unfavorable economic changes in the specific geographic areas where our investments are concentrated. Adverse conditions (including business layoffs or downsizing, industry slowdowns, changing demographics and other factors) in the areas where our investments are located and/or concentrated, and local real estate conditions (such as oversupply of, or reduced demand for, office, industrial, retail or multifamily properties) may have an adverse effect on the value of our investments. A material decline in the demand or the ability of tenants to pay rent for office, industrial or retail space in these geographic areas may result in a material decline in our cash available for distribution to our stockholders.
We depend on the U.S. Government and its agencies for substantially all of our revenues and any failure by the U.S. Government and its agencies to perform their obligations under their leases or renew their leases upon expiration could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Following the completion of this offering and the formation transactions, our GSA tenants will account for all of our annualized lease income. We expect that leases to agencies of the U.S. Government will continue to be the primary source of our revenues for the foreseeable future. Due to such concentration, any failure by the U.S. Government to perform its obligations under its leases or a failure to renew its leases upon expiration, could cause interruptions in the receipt of lease revenue or result in vacancies, or both, which would reduce our revenue until the affected properties are leased, and could decrease the ultimate value of the affected property upon sale and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, because our initial portfolio of properties is, and future investments are expected to be, built-to-suit properties, the non-renewal of those leases may have a detrimental effect on our ability to find a new tenant, repurpose such property, or sell such property on beneficial terms.
We may not be able to re-lease or renew leases at the investments held by us on terms favorable to us or at all. We are subject to risks that upon expiration or earlier termination of the leases for space located at our investments the space may not be re-leased or, if re-leased, the terms of the renewal or re-leasing (including the costs of required renovations or concessions to tenants) may be less favorable than current lease terms. Any of these situations may result in extended periods where there is a significant decline in revenues or no revenues generated by an investment. If we are unable to re-lease or renew leases for all or substantially all of the spaces at these investments, if the rental rates upon such renewal or re-leasing are significantly lower than expected, if our reserves for these purposes prove inadequate, or if we are required to make significant renovations or concessions to tenants as part of the renewal or re-leasing process, we will experience a reduction in net income and may be required to reduce or eliminate distributions to our stockholders.
The bankruptcy, insolvency or diminished creditworthiness of our tenants under their leases or delays by our tenants in making rental payments could seriously harm our operating results and financial condition. We lease our properties to tenants, and we receive rents from our tenants during the terms of their respective leases. A tenant’s ability to pay rent is often initially determined by the creditworthiness of the tenant. However, if a tenant’s credit deteriorates, the tenant may default on its obligations under its lease and the tenant may also become bankrupt. The bankruptcy or insolvency of our tenants or other failure to pay is likely to adversely affect the income produced by our real estate investments. Any bankruptcy filings by or relating to one of our tenants could bar us from collecting pre-bankruptcy debts from that tenant or its property, unless we receive an order permitting us to do so from the bankruptcy court. A tenant bankruptcy could delay our efforts to collect past due balances under the relevant leases, and could ultimately preclude full collection of these sums. If a tenant files for bankruptcy, we may not be able to evict the tenant solely because of such bankruptcy or failure to pay. A court, however, may authorize a tenant to reject and terminate its lease with us. In such a case, our claim against the tenant for unpaid, future rent would be subject to a statutory cap that might be substantially less than the remaining rent owed under the lease. In addition, certain amounts paid to us within 90 days prior to the tenant’s bankruptcy filing could be required to be returned to the tenant’s bankruptcy estate. In any event, it is highly unlikely that a bankrupt or insolvent tenant would pay in full amounts it owes us under its lease. In other circumstances, where a tenant’s financial condition has become impaired, we may agree to partially or wholly terminate the lease in advance of the termination date in consideration for a lease termination fee that is likely less than the agreed rental amount. If a lease is rejected by a tenant in bankruptcy, we would have only a general unsecured claim for damages. Any unsecured claim we hold against a bankrupt entity may be paid only to the extent that funds are available and only in the same percentage as is paid to all other holders of unsecured claims. We may recover substantially less than the full value of any unsecured claims, which would harm our financial condition. While the leases for our GSA Properties will be full faith and credit obligations of the United States government, there can be no certainty that we will not be adversely affected by the bankruptcy, insolvency or diminished creditworthiness of one of our tenants in a GSA Property.
Lease defaults or terminations or landlord-tenant disputes may adversely reduce our income from our leased property portfolio. Lease defaults or terminations by one or more of our significant tenants may reduce our revenues unless a default is cured or a suitable replacement tenant is found promptly. In addition, disputes may arise between the landlord and tenant that result in the tenant withholding rent payments, possibly for an extended period. These disputes may lead to litigation or other legal procedures to secure payment of the rent withheld or to evict the tenant. In other circumstances, a tenant may have a contractual right to abate or suspend rent payments. Even without such right, a tenant might determine to do so. Any of these situations may result in extended periods during which there is a significant decline in revenues or no revenues generated by the property. If this were to occur, it could adversely affect our results of operations.
Net leases may require us to pay property-related expenses that are not the obligations of our tenants. Under the terms of net leases, in addition to satisfying their rent obligations, tenants are responsible for the payment of real estate taxes, insurance and ordinary maintenance and repairs. However, pursuant to leases we may assume or enter into in the future, we may be required to pay certain expenses, such as the costs of environmental liabilities, roof and structural repairs, insurance, certain non-structural repairs and maintenance and other costs and expenses for which insurance proceeds or other means of recovery are not available. If one or more of our properties incur significant expenses under the terms of the leases, such property, our business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected and the amount of cash available to meet expenses and to make distributions to our stockholders may be reduced.
Net leases may not result in fair market lease rates over time, which could negatively impact our income and reduce the amount of funds available to make distributions to our stockholders. A significant portion of our rental income is expected to come from net leases, which generally provide the tenant greater discretion in using the leased property than ordinary property leases, such as the right to freely sublease the property, to make alterations in the leased premises and to terminate the lease prior to its expiration under specified circumstances. Furthermore, net leases typically have longer lease terms and, thus, there is an increased risk that contractual rental increases in future years will fail to result in fair market rental rates during those years. As a result, our income and distributions to our stockholders could be lower than they would otherwise be if we did not engage in net leases.
We could be adversely affected by various facts and events related to our investments over which we have limited or no control. We could be adversely affected by various facts and events over which we have limited or no control, such as (i) oversupply of space and changes in market rental rates; (ii) economic or physical decline of the areas where the investments are located; and (iii) deterioration of the physical condition of our investments. Negative market conditions or adverse events affecting our existing or potential tenants, or the industries in which they operate, could have an adverse impact on our ability to attract new tenants, re-lease space, collect rent or renew leases, any of which could adversely affect our financial condition. These will particularly affect any investments made outside of GSA Properties.
We may be required to reimburse tenants for overpayments of estimated operating expenses. Under certain of our leases, tenants pay us as additional rent their proportionate share of the costs we incur to manage, operate and maintain the buildings and properties where they rent space. These leases often limit the types and amounts of expenses we can pass through to our tenants and allow the tenants to audit and contest our determination of the operating expenses they are required to pay. Given the complexity of certain additional rent calculations, tenant audit rights under large portfolio leases can remain unresolved for several years. If as a result of a tenant audit it is determined that we have collected more additional rent than we are permitted to collect under a lease, we must refund the excess amount back to the tenant and, sometimes, also reimburse the tenant for its audit costs. Such unexpected reimbursement payments could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
An uninsured loss or a loss that exceeds the policies on our investments could subject us to lost capital or revenue on those properties. Under the terms and conditions of the leases expected to be in force on our investments, tenants are generally expected to be required to indemnify and hold us harmless from liabilities resulting from injury to persons, air, water, land or property, on or off the premises, due to activities conducted on the investments, except for claims arising from the negligence or intentional misconduct of us or our agents. Additionally, tenants are generally expected to be required, at the tenants’ expense, to obtain and keep in full force during the term of the lease, liability and property damage insurance policies. Insurance policies for property damage are generally expected to be in amounts not less than the full replacement cost of the improvements less slab, foundations, supports and other customarily excluded improvements and insure against all perils of fire, extended coverage, vandalism, malicious mischief and special extended perils (“all risk,” as that term is used in the insurance industry). Insurance policies are generally expected to be obtained by the tenant providing general liability coverage in varying amounts depending on the facts and circumstances surrounding the tenant and the industry in which it operates. These policies may include liability coverage for bodily injury and property damage arising out of the ownership, use, occupancy or maintenance of the properties and all of their appurtenant areas. To the extent that losses are uninsured or underinsured, we could be subject to lost capital and revenue on those investments.
Acquired investments may not meet projected occupancy. If the tenants in an investment do not renew or extend their leases or if tenants terminate their leases, the operating results of the investment could be substantially and adversely affected by the loss of revenue and possible increase in operating expenses not reimbursed by the tenants. There can be no assurance that the investments will be substantially occupied at projected rents. We will anticipate a minimum occupancy rate for each investment, but there can be no assurance that the investments will maintain the minimum occupancy rate or meet our anticipated lease-up schedule. In addition, lease-up of the unoccupied space may be achievable only at rental rates less than those we anticipate.
Distributions may represent a return of capital. A portion of the distributed cash may constitute a return of each stockholder’s capital investment in our company. Any such distributions would constitute a return of capital. Accordingly, such distributed cash will not constitute profit or earnings but merely a return of capital.
We could be exposed to environmental liabilities with respect to investments to which we take title. In the course of our business, and taking title to properties, we could be subject to environmental liabilities with respect to such properties. In such a circumstance, we may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage, personal injury, investigation and clean-up costs incurred by these parties in connection with environmental contamination, or we may be required to investigate or clean up hazardous or toxic substances or chemical releases at a property. The costs associated with investigation or remediation activities could be substantial. If we become subject to significant environmental liabilities, our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Properties may contain toxic and hazardous materials. Federal, state and local laws impose liability on a landowner for releases or the otherwise improper presence on the premises of hazardous substances. This liability is without regard to fault for, or knowledge of, the presence of such substances. A landowner may be held liable for hazardous materials brought onto the property before it acquired title and for hazardous materials that are not discovered until after it sells the property. Similar liability may occur under applicable state law. If any hazardous materials are found within a property that is in violation of law at any time, we may be liable for all cleanup costs, fines, penalties and other costs. This potential liability will continue after we sell the property and may apply to hazardous materials present within the property before we acquired such property. If losses arise from hazardous substance contamination which cannot be recovered from a responsible party, the financial viability of that property may be substantially affected. It is possible that we will acquire a property with known or unknown environmental problems which may adversely affect us.
Properties may contain mold. Mold contamination has been linked to a number of health problems, resulting in recent litigation by tenants seeking various remedies, including damages and ability to terminate their leases. Originally occurring in residential property, mold claims have recently begun to appear in commercial properties as well. Several insurance companies have reported a substantial increase in mold-related claims, causing a growing concern that real estate owners might be subject to increasing lawsuits regarding mold contamination. No assurance can be given that a mold condition will not exist at one or more of our investments, with the risk of substantial damages, legal fees and possibly loss of tenants. It is unclear whether such mold claims would be covered by the customary insurance policies to be obtained for us.
Significant restrictions on transfer and encumbrance of properties are expected. The terms of any debt financing for a property are expected to prohibit the transfer or further encumbrance of that property or any interest in that property except with the lender’s prior consent, which consent each lender is expected to be able to withhold. The relative illiquidity of the investments may prevent or substantially impair our ability to dispose of an investment at times when it may be otherwise advantageous for us to do so. If we were forced to immediately liquidate some or all of our investments, the proceeds are likely to result in a significant loss, if such a liquidation is possible at all.
We will likely receive limited representations and warranties from sellers. Properties will likely be acquired with limited representations and warranties from the seller regarding the condition of the property, the status of leases, the presence of hazardous substances, the status of governmental approvals and entitlements and other significant matters affecting the use, ownership and enjoyment of the property. As a result, if defects in a property or other matters adversely affecting a property are discovered, we may not be able to pursue a claim for damages against the seller of the property. The extent of damages that we may incur as a result of such matters cannot be predicted, but potentially could result in a significant adverse effect on the value of our investments.
We may experience delays in the sale of a property. If a trading market does not develop for our shares and we are not able to list on a registered national securities exchange, we anticipate pursuing a merger, portfolio sale or liquidate our properties within seven years of the termination of this offering. However, it may not be possible to sell any or all of our properties at a favorable price, or at all, in such a time frame. If we are unable to sell our properties in the time frames or for the prices anticipated, our ability to make distributions to you may be materially delayed or reduced, you may not be able to get a return of capital as expected or you may not have any liquidity.
We may be subject to the risk of liability and casualty loss as the owner of a property. It is expected that our Manager will maintain or cause to be maintained insurance against certain liabilities and other losses for a property, but the insurance obtained will not cover all amounts or types of loss. There is no assurance that any liability that may occur will be insured or that, if insured, the insurance proceeds will be sufficient to cover the loss. There are certain categories of loss that may be or may become uninsurable or not economically insurable, such as earthquakes, floods and hazardous waste.
Further, if losses arise from hazardous substance contamination that cannot be recovered from a responsible party, the financial viability of the affected property may be substantially impaired. It is expected that lenders will require a Phase I environmental site assessment to determine the existence of hazardous materials and other environmental problems prior to making a Loan secured by a property. However, a Phase I environmental site assessment generally does not involve invasive testing, but instead is limited to a physical walk through or inspection of a property and a review of governmental records. It is possible that we will acquire a property with known or unknown environmental problems that may adversely affect our properties.
Risks Related to Our Taxation as a REIT
Our failure to qualify as a REIT would result in higher taxes and reduced cash available for stockholders. We intend to continue to operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Our initial and continued qualification as a REIT depends on our satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational, distribution and stockholder ownership requirements on a continuing basis. Our ability to satisfy some of the asset tests depends upon the fair market values of our assets, some of which are not able to be precisely determined and for which we will not obtain independent appraisals. If we were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, and certain statutory relief provisions were not available, we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates, and distributions to stockholders would not be deductible by us in computing our taxable income. Any such corporate tax liability could be substantial and would reduce the amount of cash available for distribution. Unless entitled to relief under certain Internal Revenue Code provisions, we also would be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we ceased to qualify as a REIT. In addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will no longer be required to make distributions. As a result of all these factors, our failure to qualify as a REIT could impair our ability to expand our business and raise capital, and it would adversely affect the value of our common stock. Even if we qualify as a REIT, we may be subject to the corporate alternative minimum tax on our items of tax preference if our alternative minimum taxable income exceeds our taxable income.
REIT distribution requirements could adversely affect our liquidity. In order to maintain our REIT status and to meet the REIT distribution requirements, we may need to borrow funds on a short-term basis or sell assets, even if the then-prevailing market conditions are not favorable for these borrowings or sales. To qualify as a REIT, we generally must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our net taxable income each year, excluding capital gains. In addition, we will be subject to corporate income tax to the extent we distribute less than 100% of our net taxable income including any net capital gain. We intend to make distributions to our stockholders to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code for REITs and to minimize or eliminate our corporate income tax obligation to the extent consistent with our business objectives. Our cash flows from operations may be insufficient to fund required distributions as a result of differences in timing between the actual receipt of income and the recognition of income for federal income tax purposes, or the effect of non-deductible capital expenditures, the creation of reserves or required debt service or amortization payments. The insufficiency of our cash flows to cover our distribution requirements could have an adverse impact on our ability to raise short- and long-term debt or sell equity securities in order to fund distributions required to maintain our REIT status. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which distributions paid by us in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from prior years.
Further, amounts distributed will not be available to fund investment activities. We expect to fund our investments by raising equity capital and through borrowings from financial institutions and the debt capital markets. If we fail to obtain debt or equity capital in the future, it could limit our ability to grow, which could have a material adverse effect on the value of our common stock.
The stock ownership limit imposed by the Internal Revenue Code for REITs and our charter may inhibit market activity in our stock and may restrict our business combination opportunities. In order for us to maintain our qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, not more than 50% in value of our outstanding stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include certain entities) at any time during the last half of each taxable year. Additionally, at least 100 persons must beneficially own our capital stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year for each taxable year. Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted by the board of directors, no person may own more than 9.8% of the aggregate value of the outstanding shares of our stock or more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock. The board of directors may not grant such an exemption to any proposed transferee whose ownership in excess of 9.8% of the value of our outstanding shares or more than 9.8% in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock, would result in the termination of our status as a REIT. These ownership limits could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in our control that might be in the best interest of our stockholders.
Dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for the reduced tax rates available for some dividends. The maximum tax rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” payable to U.S. stockholders that are taxed at individual rates is 20%. Dividends payable by REITs, however, generally are not eligible for the reduced rates on qualified dividend income. The more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate qualified dividends could cause investors who are taxed at individual rates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the shares of REITs, including our common stock.
The prohibited transactions tax may subject us to tax on our gain from sales of property and limit our ability to dispose of our properties. A REIT’s net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property other than foreclosure property, held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. Although we intend to acquire and hold all of our assets as investments and not for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, the IRS may assert that we are subject to the prohibited transaction tax equal to 100% of net gain upon a disposition of real property. Although a safe harbor to the characterization of the sale of real property by a REIT as a prohibited transaction is available, not all of our prior property dispositions qualified for the safe harbor and we cannot assure you that we can comply with the safe harbor in the future or that we have avoided, or will avoid, owning property that may be characterized as held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. Consequently, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of our properties or may conduct such sales through a TRS, which would be subject to federal and state income taxation. Additionally, in the event that we engage in sales of our properties, any gains from the sales of properties classified as prohibited transactions would be taxed at the 100% prohibited transaction tax rate.
We may be unable to generate sufficient revenue from operations, operating cash flow or portfolio income to pay our operating expenses, and our operating expenses could rise, diminishing our ability and to pay distributions to our stockholders. As a REIT, we are generally required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and not including net capital gains, each year to our stockholders. To qualify for the tax benefits accorded to REITs, we have and intend to continue to make distributions to our stockholders in amounts such that we distribute all or substantially all our net taxable income each year, subject to certain adjustments. However, our ability to make distributions may be adversely affected by the risk factors described herein. Our ability to make and sustain cash distributions is based on many factors, including the return on our investments, the size of our investment portfolio, operating expense levels, and certain restrictions imposed by Maryland law. Some of the factors are beyond our control and a change in any such factor could affect our ability to pay future dividends. No assurance can be given as to our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. In the event of a downturn in our operating results and financial performance or unanticipated declines in the value of our asset portfolio, we may be unable to declare or pay quarterly distributions or make distributions to our stockholders. The timing and amount of distributions are in the sole discretion of our board of directors, which considers, among other factors, our earnings, financial condition, debt service obligations and applicable debt covenants, REIT qualification requirements and other tax considerations and capital expenditure requirements as our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time.
Although our use of TRSs may partially mitigate the impact of meeting the requirements necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT, our ownership of and relationship with our TRSs will be limited, and a failure to comply with the limits would jeopardize our REIT qualification and may result in the application of a 100% excise tax. A REIT may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more TRSs. A TRS generally may hold assets and earn income that would not be qualifying assets or income if held or earned directly by a REIT. Both the subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary as a TRS. A corporation of which a TRS directly or indirectly owns more than 35% of the voting power or value of the stock will automatically be treated as a TRS. Overall, no more than 25% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs. In addition, the TRS rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The rules also impose a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis.
Any TRSs that we own will pay U.S. federal, state and local income tax on their taxable income, and their after-tax net income will be available for distribution to us but will not be required to be distributed to us. We will monitor the value of our investments in TRSs for the purpose of ensuring compliance with the rule that no more than 25% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of TRS securities (which is applied at the end of each calendar quarter). In addition, we will scrutinize all of our transactions with any TRSs for the purpose of ensuring that they are entered into on arm’s-length terms in order to avoid incurring the 100% excise tax described above. The value of the securities that we hold in TRSs may not be subject to precise valuation. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the 25% REIT subsidiaries limitation or to avoid application of the 100% excise tax.
We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes that could reduce the market price of our common stock. At any time, the U.S. federal income tax laws governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended. We cannot predict when or if any new U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment to any existing U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become effective and any such law, regulation, or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely affected by any such change in the U.S. federal income tax laws, regulations or administrative interpretations.
If our operating partnership failed to qualify as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, we would cease to qualify as a REIT and suffer other adverse consequences. We believe that our operating partnership will be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. As a partnership, our operating partnership will not be subject to federal income tax on its income. Instead, each of its partners, including us, will be allocated, and may be required to pay tax with respect to, its share of our operating partnership’s income. We cannot assure you, however, that the IRS will not challenge the status of our operating partnership or any other subsidiary partnership in which we own an interest as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, or that a court would not sustain such a challenge. If the IRS were successful in treating our operating partnership or any such other subsidiary partnership as an entity taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, we would fail to meet the gross income tests and certain of the asset tests applicable to REITs and, accordingly, we would likely cease to qualify as a REIT. Also, the failure of our operating partnership or any subsidiary partnerships to qualify as a partnership could cause it to become subject to federal and state corporate income tax, which would reduce significantly the amount of cash available for debt service and for distribution to its partners, including us.
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest
The tax protection agreement with Holmwood could limit our ability to sell or otherwise dispose of our Contribution Properties or make any such sale or other disposition costlier. In connection with our formation transactions, we will enter into a tax protection agreement that will provide that we will indemnify Holmwood for any taxes incurred as a result of a taxable sale of the Contribution Properties for a period of ten years after the closing of the contribution. Therefore, although it may be in our stockholders’ best interest that we sell or otherwise dispose of one or more of our Contribution Properties these it may be economically prohibitive, or at least costlier, for us to do so because of these obligations.
Any sale by Holmwood or members of our senior management team of ownership interests in us and speculation about such possible sales may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Upon completion of this offering and our formation transactions, Holmwood and members of our senior management team will own an aggregate of 200,000 shares of common stock and an aggregate of 968,628 OP units, and HCA will have been granted 137,834 shares of restricted stock, which collectively represents 28.44% of the outstanding shares of our common stock on a fully-diluted basis. Neither Holmwood nor members of our senior management team are prohibited from selling any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, shares of our common stock. Any sale by Holmwood or members of our senior management team of ownership interests in us, or speculation by the press, securities analysts, stockholders or others as to their intentions, may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
We may be assuming unknown or unquantifiable liabilities, including environmental liabilities, associated with our initial properties, and such liabilities could materially and adversely affect us. As part of our formation transactions, we will assume from Holmwood existing liabilities in connection with our contribution and, by extension, the Contribution Properties, some of which may be unknown or unquantifiable. These liabilities may include liabilities for undisclosed environmental conditions, tax liabilities, claims of tenants or vendors and accrued but unpaid liabilities. Holmwood is making limited representations and warranties with respect to the Contribution Properties and our acquisition properties, respectively. Any unknown or unquantifiable liabilities that we assume from Holmwood in connection with our formation transactions for which we have no or limited recourse could materially and adversely affect us.
The Management Agreement with our Manager was not negotiated on an arm’s-length basis and may not be as favorable to us as if it had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party. Our executive officers, including a majority of our directors, are executives of our Manager. Our Management Agreement was negotiated between related parties and its terms, including fees payable to our Manager, may not be as favorable to us as if it had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party. In addition, we may choose not to enforce, or to enforce less vigorously, our rights under the Management Agreement because of our desire to maintain our ongoing relationship with Holmwood and its affiliates.
We may have conflicts of interest with our Manager and other affiliates, which could result in investment decisions that are not in the best interests of our stockholders. There are numerous conflicts of interest between our interests and the interests of our Manager, Holmwood, and their respective affiliates, including conflicts arising out of allocation of personnel to our activities, allocation of investment opportunities between us and investment vehicles affiliated with our Manager, purchase or sale of properties, including from or to Holmwood or its affiliates and fee arrangements with our Manager that might induce our Manager to make investment decisions that are not in our best interests. Examples of these potential conflicts of interest include:
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Competition for the time and services of personnel that work for us and our affiliates;
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Compensation payable by us to our Manager and its affiliates for their various services, which may not be on market terms and is payable, in some cases, whether or not our stockholders receive distributions;
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The possibility that our Manager, its officers and their respective affiliates will face conflicts of interest relating to the purchase and leasing of properties, and that such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor, thus potentially limiting our investment opportunities, impairing our ability to make distributions and adversely affecting the trading price of our stock;
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The possibility that if we acquire properties from Holmwood or its affiliates, the price may be higher than we would pay if the transaction were the result of arm’s-length negotiations with a third party;
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The possibility that our Manager will face conflicts of interest caused by its indirect ownership by Holmwood, some of whose officers are also our officers and two of whom are directors of ours, resulting in actions that may not be in the long-term best interests of our stockholders;
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Our Manager has considerable discretion with respect to the terms and timing of our acquisition, disposition and leasing transactions;
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The possibility that we may acquire or merge with our Manager, resulting in an internalization of our management functions; and
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The possibility that the competing demands for the time of our Manager, its affiliates and our officers may result in them spending insufficient time on our business, which may result in our missing investment opportunities or having less efficient operations, which could reduce our profitability and result in lower distributions to you.
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Any of these and other conflicts of interest between us and our Manager could have a material adverse effect on the returns on our investments, our ability to make distributions to stockholders and the trading price of our stock.
Legal Counsel for our company, our Manager and Holmwood is the same law firm. Kaplan, Voekler, Cunningham & Frank, PLC, or KVCF, acts as legal counsel to our Manager, Holmwood and some of their affiliates and also is expected to represent us. Additionally, Messrs. Kaplan and Kaplan, Jr., who will respectively be our Secretary and director, and our President, upon the initial closing of this offering, are each a shareholder in KVCF. In connection with the offering, Messrs. Kaplan and Kaplan, Jr. will not serve as attorneys on behalf of KVCF or render any legal advice but will serve solely in their capacities with our company and our Manager. KVCF is not acting as counsel for the stockholders or any potential investor. There is a possibility in the future that the interests of the various parties may become adverse and, under the Code of Professional Responsibility of the legal profession, KVCF may be precluded from representing any one or all of such parties. If any situation arises in which our interests appear to be in conflict with those of our advisor, our dealer manager or their affiliates, additional counsel may be retained by one or more of the parties to assure that their interests are adequately protected. Moreover, should such a conflict not be readily apparent, KVCF may inadvertently act in derogation of the interest of parties which could adversely affect us, and our ability to meet our investment objectives and, therefore, our stockholders.
Risks Associated with Debt Financing
Upon the closing of our formation transactions, some of our properties will secure cross-collateralized debt. Upon the happening of the formation transactions, (i) the Port Saint Lucie Property, Jonesboro Property and Lorain Property will secure a loan made by Starwood Mortgage Capital, LLC, or the Starwood Loan; (ii) the Johnson City Property and Port Canaveral Property will secure a loan made by Park Sterling Bank, or the Park Sterling Loan; and (iii) the Ft. Smith Property and our owned properties secure a loan made by CorAmerica Loan Company, LLC, or the CorAmerica Loan. If we default on one of the loans listed above, the lender will have the ability to foreclose upon each of the properties securing such loan. As a result, a default on one of the above loans may have a much stronger, negative effect on our operations than if the loans were secured by a single asset.
We have used and may continue to use mortgage and other debt financing to acquire properties or interests in properties and otherwise incur other indebtedness, which increases our expenses and could subject us to the risk of losing properties in foreclosure if our cash flow is insufficient to make loan payments. We are permitted to acquire real properties and other real estate-related investments, including entity acquisitions, by assuming either existing financing secured by the asset or by borrowing new funds. In addition, we may incur or increase our mortgage debt by obtaining loans secured by some or all of our assets to obtain funds to acquire additional investments or to pay distributions to our stockholders. We also may borrow funds if necessary to satisfy the requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our annual “REIT taxable income,” or otherwise as is necessary or advisable to assure that we maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.
There is no limit on the amount we may invest in any single property or other asset or on the amount we can borrow to purchase any individual property or other investment. If we mortgage a property and have insufficient cash flow to service the debt, we risk an event of default which may result in our lenders foreclosing on the properties securing the mortgage.
If we cannot repay or refinance loans incurred to purchase our properties, or interests therein, then we may lose our interests in the properties secured by the loans we are unable to repay or refinance.
High levels of debt or increases in interest rates could increase the amount of our loan payments, which could reduce the cash available for distribution to stockholders. Our policies do not limit us from incurring debt. For purposes of calculating our leverage, we assume full consolidation of all of our real estate investments, whether or not they would be consolidated under GAAP, include assets we have classified as held for sale, and include any joint venture level indebtedness in our total indebtedness.
High debt levels will cause us to incur higher interest charges, resulting in higher debt service payments, and may be accompanied by restrictive covenants. Interest we pay reduces cash available for distribution to stockholders. Additionally, with respect to our variable rate debt, increases in interest rates increase our interest costs, which reduces our cash flow and our ability to make distributions to you. In addition, if we need to repay existing debt during periods of rising interest rates, we could be required to liquidate one or more of our investments in properties at times which may not permit realization of the maximum return on such investments and could result in a loss. In addition, if we are unable to service our debt payments, our lenders may foreclose on our interests in the real property that secures the loans we have entered into.
High mortgage rates may make it difficult for us to finance or refinance properties, which could reduce the number of properties we can acquire, our cash flow from operations and the amount of cash distributions we can make. To qualify as a REIT, we will be required to distribute at least 90% of our annual taxable income (excluding net capital gains) to our stockholders in each taxable year, and thus our ability to retain internally generated cash is limited. Accordingly, our ability to acquire properties or to make capital improvements to or remodel properties will depend on our ability to obtain debt or equity financing from third parties or the sellers of properties. If mortgage debt is unavailable at reasonable rates, we may not be able to finance the purchase of properties. If we place mortgage debt on properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance the properties when the debt becomes due or of being unable to refinance on favorable terms. If interest rates are higher when we refinance the properties, our income could be reduced. We may be unable to refinance properties. If any of these events occurs, our cash flow would be reduced. This, in turn, would reduce cash available for distribution to you and may hinder our ability to raise capital by issuing more stock or borrowing more money.
Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to make distributions to you. When providing financing, a lender may impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution and operating policies and our ability to incur additional debt. Loan documents we enter into may contain covenants that limit our ability to further mortgage the property, discontinue insurance coverage, or replace our Manager. These or other limitations may limit our flexibility and prevent us from achieving our operating plans.
Our ability to obtain financing on reasonable terms would be impacted by negative capital market conditions. Recently, domestic and international financial markets have experienced unusual volatility and uncertainty. Although this condition occurred initially within the “subprime” single-family mortgage lending sector of the credit market, liquidity has tightened in overall financial markets, including the investment grade debt and equity capital markets. Consequently, there is greater uncertainty regarding our ability to access the credit market in order to attract financing on reasonable terms. Investment returns on our assets and our ability to make acquisitions could be adversely affected by our inability to secure financing on reasonable terms, if at all.
Some of our mortgage loans may have “due on sale” provisions, which may impact the manner in which we acquire, sell and/or finance our properties. In purchasing properties subject to financing, we may obtain financing with “due-on-sale” and/or “due-on-encumbrance” clauses. Due-on-sale clauses in mortgages allow a mortgage lender to demand full repayment of the mortgage loan if the borrower sells the mortgaged property. Similarly, due-on-encumbrance clauses allow a mortgage lender to demand full repayment if the borrower uses the real estate securing the mortgage loan as security for another loan. In such event, we may be required to sell our properties on an all-cash basis, which may make it more difficult to sell the property or reduce the selling price.
Lenders may be able to recover against our other properties under our mortgage loans. In financing our acquisitions, we will seek to obtain secured nonrecourse loans. However, only recourse financing may be available, in which event, in addition to the property securing the loan, the lender would have the ability to look to our other assets for satisfaction of the debt if the proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the property securing the loan are insufficient to fully repay it. Also, in order to facilitate the sale of a property, we may allow the buyer to purchase the property subject to an existing loan whereby we remain responsible for the debt.
If we are required to make payments under any “bad boy” carve-out guaranties that we may provide in connection with certain mortgages and related loans, our business and financial results could be materially adversely affected. In obtaining certain nonrecourse loans, we may provide standard carve-out guaranties. These guaranties are only applicable if and when the borrower directly, or indirectly through agreement with an affiliate, joint venture partner or other third party, voluntarily files a bankruptcy or similar liquidation or reorganization action or takes other actions that are fraudulent or improper (commonly referred to as “bad boy” guaranties). Although we believe that “bad boy” carve-out guaranties are not guaranties of payment in the event of foreclosure or other actions of the foreclosing lender that are beyond the borrower’s control, some lenders in the real estate industry have recently sought to make claims for payment under such guaranties. In the event such a claim was made against us under a “bad boy” carve-out guaranty following foreclosure on mortgages or related loan, and such claim were successful, our business and financial results could be materially adversely affected.
Interest-only indebtedness may increase our risk of default and ultimately may reduce our funds available for distribution to our stockholders. We may finance our property acquisitions using interest-only mortgage indebtedness. During the interest-only period, the amount of each scheduled payment will be less than that of a traditional amortizing mortgage loan. The principal balance of the mortgage loan will not be reduced (except in the case of prepayments) because there are no scheduled monthly payments of principal during this period. After the interest-only period, we will be required either to make scheduled payments of amortized principal and interest or to make a lump-sum or “balloon” payment at maturity. These required principal or balloon payments will increase the amount of our scheduled payments and may increase our risk of default under the related mortgage loan. If the mortgage loan has an adjustable interest rate, the amount of our scheduled payments also may increase at a time of rising interest rates. Increased payments and substantial principal or balloon maturity payments will reduce the funds available for distribution to our stockholders because cash otherwise available for distribution will be required to pay principal and interest associated with these mortgage loans.
We may enter into derivative or hedging contracts that could expose us to contingent liabilities and certain risks and costs in the future. Part of our investment strategy may involve entering into derivative or hedging contracts that could require us to fund cash payments in the future under certain circumstances, such as the early termination of the derivative agreement caused by an event of default or other early termination event, or the decision by a counterparty to request margin securities it is contractually owed under the terms of the derivative contract. The amount due would be equal to the unrealized loss of the open swap positions with the respective counterparty and could also include other fees and charges. These economic losses would be reflected in our financial results of operations, and our ability to fund these obligations will depend on the liquidity of our assets and access to capital at the time, and the need to fund these obligations could adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations.
Further, the cost of using derivative or hedging instruments increases as the period covered by the instrument increases and during periods of rising and volatile interest rates. We may increase our derivative or hedging activity and thus increase our related costs during periods when interest rates are volatile or rising and hedging costs have increased.
In addition, hedging instruments involve risk since they often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities. Consequently, in many cases, there are no requirements with respect to record keeping, financial responsibility or segregation of customer funds and positions. Furthermore, the enforceability of agreements underlying derivative transactions may depend on compliance with applicable statutory and commodity and other regulatory requirements and, depending on the identity of the counterparty, applicable international requirements. The business failure of a hedging counterparty with whom we enter into a hedging transaction will most likely result in a default. Default by a party with whom we enter into a hedging transaction may result in the loss of unrealized profits and force us to cover our resale commitments, if any, at the then current market price. Although generally we will seek to reserve the right to terminate our hedging positions, it may not always be possible to dispose of or close out a hedging position without the consent of the hedging counterparty, and we may not be able to enter into an offsetting contract in order to cover our risk. We cannot be assured that a liquid secondary market will exist for hedging instruments purchased or sold, and we may be required to maintain a position until exercise or expiration, which could result in losses.
Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge risk effectively. The REIT provisions of the Code may limit our ability to hedge the risks inherent to our operations. From time to time, we may enter into hedging transactions with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Our hedging transactions may include entering into interest rate swaps, caps and floors, options to purchase these items, and futures and forward contracts. Any income or gain derived by us from transactions that hedge certain risks, such as the risk of changes in interest rates, will not be treated as gross income for purposes of either the 75% or the 95% income test, as defined below in “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations — Gross Income Tests,” unless specific requirements are met. Such requirements include that the hedging transaction be properly identified within prescribed time periods and that the transaction either (1) hedges risks associated with indebtedness issued by us that is incurred to acquire or carry real estate assets or (2) manages the risks of currency fluctuations with respect to income or gain that qualifies under the 75% or 95% income test (or assets that generate such income). To the extent that we do not properly identify such transactions as hedges, hedge with other types of financial instruments, or hedge other types of indebtedness, the income from those transactions is not likely to be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the 75% and 95% income tests. As a result of these rules, we may have to limit the use of hedging techniques that might otherwise be advantageous, which could result in greater risks associated with interest rate or other changes than we would otherwise incur.
Interest rates might increase. Based on historical interest rates, current interest rates are low and, as a result, it is likely that the interest rates available for future real estate loans and refinances will be higher than the current interest rates for such loans, which may have a material and adverse impact on our company and our investments. If there is an increase in interest rates, any debt servicing on properties could be significantly higher than currently anticipated, which would reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to the stockholders. Also, rising interest rates may affect the ability of our Manager to refinance a property. Investments may be less desirable to prospective purchasers in a rising interest rate environment and their values may be adversely impacted by the reduction in cash flow due to increased interest payments.
We may use floating rate, interest-only or short-term loans to acquire properties. Our Manager has the right, in its sole discretion, to negotiate any debt financing, including obtaining (i) interest-only, (ii) floating rate and/or (iii) short-term loans to acquire properties. If our Manager obtains floating rate loans, the interest rate would not be fixed but would float with an established index (probably at higher interest rates in the future). No principal would be repaid on interest-only loans. Finally, we would be required to refinance short term loans at the end of a relatively short period. The credit markets have recently been in flux and are experiencing a malaise. No assurance can be given that our Manager would be able to refinance with fixed-rate permanent loans in the future, on favorable terms or at all, to refinance the short-term loans. In addition, no assurance can be given that the terms of such future loans to refinance the short-term loans would be favorable to our company.
We may use leverage to make investments. Our Manager, in its sole discretion, may leverage the properties. As a result of the use of leverage, a decrease in revenues of a leveraged property may materially and adversely affect that property’s cash flow and, in turn, our ability to make distributions. No assurance can be given that future cash flow of a particular investment will be sufficient to make the debt service payments on any borrowed funds for that Investment and also cover operating expenses. If the property’s revenues are insufficient to pay debt service and operating expenses, we would be required to use net income from other investments, working capital or reserves, or seek additional funds. There can be no assurance that additional funds will be available, if needed, or, if such funds are available, that they will be available on terms acceptable to us.
Leveraging a property allows a lender to foreclose on that property. Lenders on a property, even non-recourse lenders, are expected in all instances to retain the right to foreclose on that property if there is a default in the loan terms. If this were to occur, we would likely lose our entire investment in that property.
Lenders may have approval rights with respect to an encumbered property. A lender on a property will likely have numerous other rights, which may include the right to approve any change in the property manager for a particular property.
Availability of financing and market conditions will affect the success of our company. Market fluctuations in real estate financing may affect the availability and cost of funds needed in the future for our investments. In addition, credit availability has been restricted in the past and may become restricted again in the future. Restrictions upon the availability of real estate financing or high interest rates for real estate loans could adversely affect our investments and our ability to execute its investment goals.
We do not have guaranteed cash flow. There can be no assurance that cash flow or profits will be generated by our investments. If our investments do not generate the anticipated amount of cash flow, we may not be able to pay the anticipated distributions to the stockholders without making such distributions from the net proceeds of this offering or from reserves.
Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure
A limit on the percentage of our securities a person may own may discourage a takeover or business combination, which could prevent our stockholders from realizing a premium price for their stock. Our charter restricts direct or indirect ownership by one person or entity to no more than 9.8% in value of the outstanding shares of our capital stock or 9.8% in number of shares or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock unless exempted (prospectively or retroactively) by our board of directors. This restriction may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a premium price to our stockholders.
Our charter permits our board of directors to issue stock with terms that may subordinate the rights of our common stockholders or discourage a third party from acquiring us in a manner that could result in a premium price to our stockholders. Our board of directors may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have authority to issue and may classify or reclassify any unissued common stock or preferred stock into other classes or series of stock and establish the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption of any such stock. In addition to our 400,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, our board of directors could also authorize the issuance of up to 249,600,000 more shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions that could have priority as to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation over the rights of the holders of our common stock. Such preferred stock could also have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a premium price to holders of our common stock.
Your investment return may be reduced if we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act; if we are subject to registration under the Investment Company Act, we will not be able to continue our business. Neither we, nor our operating partnership, nor any of our subsidiaries intend to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. We expect that our operating partnership’s and subsidiaries’ investments in real estate will represent the substantial majority of our total asset mix, which would not subject us to the Investment Company Act. In order to maintain an exemption from regulation under the Investment Company Act, we intend to engage, through our operating partnership and our wholly and majority owned subsidiaries, primarily in the business of buying real estate, and these investments must be made within a year after an offering ends. If we are unable to invest a significant portion of the proceeds of an offering in properties within one year of the termination of such offering, we may avoid being required to register as an investment company by temporarily investing any unused proceeds in government securities with low returns, which would reduce the cash available for distribution to stockholders and possibly lower your returns.
We expect that most of our assets will be held through wholly owned or majority owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership. We expect that most of these subsidiaries will be outside the definition of investment company under Section 3(a)(1) of the Investment Company Act as they are generally expected to hold at least 60% of their assets in real property or in entities that they manage or co-manage that own real property. Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, which we refer to as the 40% test. Excluded from the term “investment securities,” among other things, are U.S. government securities and securities issued by majority owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. We believe that we, our operating partnership and most of the subsidiaries of our operating partnership will not fall within either definition of investment company as we invest primarily in real property, through our wholly or majority owned subsidiaries, the majority of which we expect to have at least 60% of their assets in real property or in entities that they manage or co-manage that own real property. As these subsidiaries would be investing either solely or primarily in real property, they would be outside of the definition of “investment company” under Section 3(a)(1) of the Investment Company Act. We are organized as a holding company that conducts its businesses primarily through the operating partnership, which in turn is a holding company conducting its business through its subsidiaries. Both we and our operating partnership intend to conduct our operations so that they comply with the 40% test. We will monitor our holdings to ensure continuing and ongoing compliance with this test. In addition, we believe that neither we nor the operating partnership will be considered an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act because neither we nor the operating partnership will engage primarily or hold itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, through the operating partnership’s wholly-owned or majority owned subsidiaries, we and the operating partnership will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of these subsidiaries.
In the event that the value of investment securities held by the subsidiaries of our operating partnership were to exceed 40%, we expect our subsidiaries to be able to rely on the exclusion from the definition of “investment company” provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act. Section 3(c)(5)(C), as interpreted by the staff of the SEC, requires each of our subsidiaries relying on this exception to invest at least 55% of its portfolio in “mortgage and other liens on and interests in real estate,” which we refer to as “qualifying real estate assets” and maintain at least 70% to 90% of its assets in qualifying real estate assets or other real estate-related assets. The remaining 20% of the portfolio can consist of miscellaneous assets. What we buy and sell is therefore limited to these criteria. How we determine to classify our assets for purposes of the Investment Company Act will be based in large measure upon no-action letters issued by the SEC staff in the past and other SEC interpretive guidance. These no-action positions were issued in accordance with factual situations that may be substantially different from the factual situations we may face, and a number of these no-action positions were issued more than ten years ago. Pursuant to this guidance, and depending on the characteristics of the specific investments, certain joint venture investments may not constitute qualifying real estate assets and therefore investments in these types of assets may be limited. No assurance can be given that the SEC will concur with our classification of our assets. Future revisions to the Investment Company Act or further guidance from the SEC may cause us to lose our exclusion from registration or force us to re-evaluate our portfolio and our investment strategy. Such changes may prevent us from operating our business successfully.
In the event that we, or our operating partnership, were to acquire assets that could make either entity fall within the definition of investment company under Section 3(a)(1) of the Investment Company Act, we believe that we would still qualify for an exclusion from registration pursuant to Section 3(c)(6). Section 3(c)(6) excludes from the definition of investment company any company primarily engaged, directly or through majority owned subsidiaries, in one or more of certain specified businesses. These specified businesses include the real estate business described in Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act. It also excludes from the definition of investment company any company primarily engaged, directly or through majority owned subsidiaries, in one or more of such specified businesses from which at least 25% of such company’s gross income during its last fiscal year is derived, together with any additional business or businesses other than investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading in securities. Although the SEC staff has issued little interpretive guidance with respect to Section 3(c)(6), we believe that we and our operating partnership may rely on Section 3(c)(6) if 55% of the assets of our operating partnership consist of, and at least 55% of the income of our operating partnership is derived from, qualifying real estate assets owned by wholly owned or majority owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership.
To ensure that neither we, nor our operating partnership nor subsidiaries are required to register as an investment company, each entity may be unable to sell assets they would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets they would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we, our operating partnership or our subsidiaries may be required to acquire additional income or loss-generating assets that we might not otherwise acquire or forego opportunities to acquire interests in companies that we would otherwise want to acquire. Although we, our operating partnership and our subsidiaries intend to monitor our respective portfolios periodically and prior to each acquisition or disposition, any of these entities may not be able to maintain an exclusion from registration as an investment company. If we, our operating partnership or our subsidiaries are required to register as an investment company but fail to do so, the unregistered entity would be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against such entity. In addition, the contracts of such entity would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement, and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of the entity and liquidate its business. Finally, if we were to become an investment company then we would not be permitted to rely upon Regulation A for future offerings of our securities, which may adversely impact our ability to raise additional capital.
We may change our investment and operational policies without stockholder consent. We may change our investment and operational policies, including our policies with respect to investments, acquisitions, growth, operations, indebtedness, capitalization and distributions, at any time without the consent of our stockholders, which could result in our making investments that are different from, and possibly riskier than, the types of investments described in this filing. A change in our investment strategy may increase our exposure to interest rate risk, default risk and real estate market fluctuations, all of which could adversely affect our ability to make distributions.
We may in the future choose to pay dividends in our own stock, in which case you may be required to pay income taxes in excess of the cash dividends you receive. We may in the future distribute taxable dividends that are payable in cash and shares of our common stock at the election of each stockholder. Taxable stockholders receiving such dividends will be required to include the full amount of the dividend as ordinary income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for United States federal income tax purposes. As a result, a U.S. stockholder may be required to pay income taxes with respect to such dividends in excess of the cash dividends received. If a U.S. stockholder sells the stock it receives as a dividend in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect to the dividend, depending on the market price of our stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to non-U.S. stockholders, we may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such dividends, including in respect of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in stock. In addition, if a significant number of our stockholders determine to sell shares of our common stock in order to pay taxes owed on dividends, it may put downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock.
Our board of directors may amend our bylaws without the consent of stockholders. Our board of directors may amend our bylaws at any time without stockholder consent, including without limitation to eliminate the majority independent director requirement. In such an event, your ability to control the terms of our bylaws may be limited to voting on the appointment of directors.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock
Future sales of shares of our common stock in the public market or the issuance of other equity may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Sales of a substantial number of shares of common stock or other equity-related securities in the public market could depress the market price of our common stock, and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We cannot predict the effect that future sales of common stock or other equity-related securities would have on the market price of our common stock.
The price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly. If a trading market develops, our trading price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to many factors, including:
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actual or anticipated variations in our operating results, funds from operations, or FFO, cash flows, liquidity or distributions;
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changes in our earnings estimates or those of analysts;
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publication of research reports about us or the real estate industry or sector in which we operate;
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increases in market interest rates that lead purchasers of our shares to demand a higher dividend yield;
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changes in market valuations of companies similar to us;
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adverse market reaction to any securities we may issue or additional debt it incurs in the future;
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additions or departures of key management personnel;
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actions by institutional stockholders;
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speculation in the press or investment community;
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continuing high levels of volatility in the credit markets;
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the realization of any of the other risk factors included herein; and
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general market and economic conditions.
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The availability and timing of cash distributions is uncertain. We are generally required to distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gain, each year in order for us to qualify as a REIT under the Code, which we intend to satisfy through quarterly cash distributions of all or substantially all of our REIT taxable income in such year, subject to certain adjustments. Our board of directors will determine the amount and timing of any distributions. In making such determinations, our directors will consider all relevant factors, including the amount of cash available for distribution, capital expenditures, general operational requirements and applicable law. We intend over time to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of shares of our common stock. However, we bear all expenses incurred by our operations, and the funds generated by operations, after deducting these expenses, may not be sufficient to cover desired levels of distributions to stockholders. In addition, our board of directors, in its discretion, may retain any portion of such cash in excess of our REIT taxable income for working capital. We cannot predict the amount of distributions we may make, maintain or increase over time.
There are many factors that can affect the availability and timing of cash distributions to stockholders. Because we may receive rents and income from our properties at various times during our fiscal year, distributions paid may not reflect our income earned in that particular distribution period. The amount of cash available for distribution will be affected by many factors, including without limitation, the amount of income we will earn from investments in target assets, the amount of its operating expenses and many other variables. Actual cash available for distribution may vary substantially from our expectations.
While we intend to fund the payment of quarterly distributions to holders of shares of our common stock entirely from distributable cash flows, we may fund quarterly distributions to its stockholders from a combination of available net cash flows, equity capital, proceeds from this offering and borrowings, and the sale of assets. There is no limit on the amount of offering proceeds we may use to fund distributions. Distributions paid from sources other than cash flow from operations may constitute a return of capital to our stockholders. In the event we are unable to consistently fund future quarterly distributions to stockholders entirely from distributable cash flows, the value of our common stock may be negatively impacted.
An increase in market interest rates may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to its stockholders. One of the factors that investors may consider in deciding whether to buy or sell shares of our common stock is our distribution rate as a percentage of our share price, relative to market interest rates. If market interest rates increase, prospective investors may demand a higher distribution rate on shares of common stock or seek alternative investments paying higher distributions or interest. As a result, interest rate fluctuations and capital market conditions can affect the market price of shares of our common stock. For instance, if interest rates rise without an increase in our distribution rate, the market price of shares of our common stock could decrease because potential investors may require a higher distribution yield on shares of our common stock as market rates on interest-bearing instruments such as bonds rise. In addition, to the extent we have variable rate debt, rising interest rates would result in increased interest expense on our variable rate debt, thereby adversely affecting our cash flow and its ability to service our indebtedness and make distributions to our stockholders.
Our common stock ranks junior to our Series A Preferred Stock with regard to dividend and liquidation preference. We have issued 96,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock. Pursuant to the terms of the Series A Preferred Stock, each share of Series A Preferred Stock is entitled to cumulative dividends equal to 7.0% per annum on the initial liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, or $1.75 per share, per annum, paid quarterly in arrears. This dividend will be paid before any distributions are made on shares of our common stock. Further, upon liquidation of our company, holders of shares of our Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive $25.00 per share of Series A Preferred Stock, plus an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid dividends, before any distribution is made to holders of our common stock.
Your interest in our company may be diluted by additional offerings or the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock. We are not restricted from offering additional common stock outside of this offering. As a result, such an offering may be dilutive to your ownership percentage in our company and, depending on market conditions and the terms of the offering, may be dilutive of your financial investment in our company.
Risks Related to the Offering and Lack of Liquidity
Shares of our common stock will have limited transferability and liquidity. Prior to this offering, there was no active market for our common stock. Although we intend to apply for quotation of our common stock on the OTCQX, even if we obtain that quotation, we do not know the extent to which investor interest will lead to the development and maintenance of a liquid trading market. Further, our common stock will not be quoted on the OTCQX until after the termination of this offering, if at all. Therefore, purchasers in the Initial Closing will be required to wait until at least after the final termination date of this offering for such quotation. The initial public offering price for shares of our common stock will be determined by us and was not determined based upon any appraisals of asset we own or may own, and will not be adjusted based upon any such appraisals. Thus, the offering price may not accurately reflect the value of our assets at the time an investor’s investment is made. You may not be able to sell your shares of common stock at or above the initial offering price.
The OTCQX, as with other public markets, has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. As a result, the market price of shares of our common stock may be similarly volatile, and holders of shares of our common stock may from time to time experience a decrease in the value of their shares, including decreases unrelated to our operating performance or prospects. The price of shares of our common stock could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a number of factors, including those listed in this “Risk Factors” section of this offering circular.
No assurance can be given that the market price of shares of our common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future or that common stockholders will be able to sell their shares when desired on favorable terms, or at all. Further, the sale of the shares may have adverse federal income tax consequences.
The price of the shares is arbitrary. The purchase price of the shares of our common stock has been determined primarily by our capital needs and bears no relationship to any established criteria of value such as book value or earnings per shares, or any combination thereof. Further, the price of the shares is not based on our past earnings.
Material Federal Income Tax Risks
Failure to qualify or remain qualified as a REIT would cause us to be taxed as a regular corporation, which would substantially reduce funds available for distributions to our stockholders. We will elect to be taxed as a REIT under the federal income tax laws commencing with our taxable year beginning January 1, 2016. We believe that we will operate in a manner qualifying us as a REIT commencing with our taxable year beginning January 1, 2016 and intend to continue to so operate. However, we cannot assure you that we will remain qualified as a REIT. Moreover, our qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet on a continuing basis, through actual annual operating results, certain qualification tests set forth in the federal tax laws. Tax counsel will not review our compliance with those tests on a continuing basis. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that our actual results of operations for any particular taxable year will satisfy such requirements.
If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will face serious tax consequences that will substantially reduce the funds available for distributions to our stockholders because:
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we would not be able to deduct dividends paid to stockholders in computing our taxable income and would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates;
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we could be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax and possibly increased state and local taxes; and
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unless we are entitled to relief under certain U.S. federal income tax laws, we could not re-elect REIT status until the fifth calendar year after the year in which we failed to qualify as a REIT.
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In addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will no longer be required to make distributions. As a result of all these factors, our failure to qualify as a REIT could impair our ability to expand our business and raise capital, and it would adversely affect the value of our common stock. See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations” for a discussion of material federal income tax consequences relating to us and our common stock.
Complying with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities or liquidate otherwise attractive investments. To maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders and the ownership of our capital stock. In order to meet these tests, we may be required to forego investments we might otherwise make. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our performance.
In particular, we must ensure that at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash items, government securities and qualified real estate assets. The remainder of our investment in securities (other than government securities, securities of TRSs and qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. In addition, in general, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities, securities of TRSs and qualified real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 25% of the value of our total assets can be represented by the securities of one or more TRSs. If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT qualification and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate otherwise attractive investments. These actions could have the effect of reducing our income and amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.
Even if we qualify and remain qualified as a REIT, we may face other tax liabilities that reduce our cash flows. Even if we remain qualified as a REIT, we may be subject to certain federal, state and local taxes on our income and assets, including taxes on any undistributed income, tax on income from some activities conducted as a result of a foreclosure, and state or local income, property and transfer taxes. In addition, any TRS in which we own an interest will be subject to regular corporate federal, state and local taxes. Any of these taxes would decrease cash available for distributions to stockholders.
Failure to make required distributions would subject us to U.S. federal corporate income tax. We intend to operate in a manner so as to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In order to qualify and remain qualified as a REIT, we generally are required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital gain, each year to our stockholders. To the extent that we satisfy this distribution requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on our undistributed taxable income. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if the actual amount that we pay out to our stockholders in a calendar year is less than a minimum amount specified under the Code.
The prohibited transactions tax may subject us to tax on our gain from sales of property and limit our ability to dispose of our properties. A REIT’s net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property other than foreclosure property, held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. Although we intend to acquire and hold all of our assets as investments and not for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, the IRS may assert that we are subject to the prohibited transaction tax equal to 100% of net gain upon a disposition of real property.
Although a safe harbor to the characterization of the sale of real property by a REIT as a prohibited transaction is available, not all of our prior property dispositions qualified for the safe harbor and we cannot assure you that we can comply with the safe harbor in the future or that we have avoided, or will avoid, owning property that may be characterized as held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. Consequently, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of our properties or may conduct such sales through a TRS, which would be subject to federal and state income taxation. Additionally, in the event that we engage in sales of our properties, any gains from the sales of properties classified as prohibited transactions would be taxed at the 100% prohibited transaction tax rate.
The ability of our Board to revoke our REIT qualification without stockholder approval may cause adverse consequences to our stockholders. Our charter provides that our Board may revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our stockholders, if it determines that it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT. If we cease to qualify as a REIT, we would become subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income and would no longer be required to distribute most of our taxable income to our stockholders, which may have adverse consequences on our total return to our stockholders.
Our ownership of any TRSs will be subject to limitations and our transactions with any TRSs will cause us to be subject to a 100% penalty tax on certain income or deductions if those transactions are not conducted on arm’s-length terms. Overall, no more than 25% of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs. In addition, the Code limits the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. The Code also imposes a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. Furthermore, we will monitor the value of our respective investments in any TRSs for the purpose of ensuring compliance with TRS ownership limitations and will structure our transactions with any TRSs on terms that we believe are arm’s-length to avoid incurring the 100% excise tax described above. There can be no assurance, however, that we will be able to comply with the 25% REIT subsidiaries limitation or to avoid application of the 100% excise tax.
You may be restricted from acquiring or transferring certain amounts of our common stock. The stock ownership restrictions of the Code for REITs and the 9.8% stock ownership limits in our charter may inhibit market activity in our capital stock and restrict our business combination opportunities.
In order to qualify as a REIT, five or fewer individuals, as defined in the Code to include specified private foundations, employee benefit plans and trusts, and charitable trusts, may not own, beneficially or constructively, more than 50% in value of our issued and outstanding stock at any time during the last half of a taxable year. Attribution rules in the Code determine if any individual or entity beneficially or constructively owns our capital stock under this requirement. Additionally, at least 100 persons must beneficially own our capital stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year. To help insure that we meet these tests, among other purposes, our charter restricts the acquisition and ownership of shares of our capital stock.
Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT. Unless exempted, prospectively or retroactively, by our Board, our charter prohibits any person from beneficially or constructively owning more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of capital stock or 9.8% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Our Board may not grant an exemption from these restrictions to any proposed transferee whose ownership in excess of such thresholds does not satisfy certain conditions designed to ensure that we will not fail to qualify as a REIT. These restrictions on transferability and ownership will not apply, however, if our board of directors determines that it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT or that compliance is no longer required for REIT qualification.
We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes that could reduce the market price of our common stock. At any time, the U.S. federal income tax laws governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended. We cannot predict when or if any new U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment to any existing U.S. federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become effective and any such law, regulation, or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely affected by any such change in the U.S. federal income tax laws, regulations or administrative interpretations.
Dividends payable by REITs generally do not qualify for the reduced tax rates available for certain dividends. The maximum tax rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” payable to U.S. stockholders taxed at individual rates is 20%. Dividends payable by REITs, however, generally are not eligible for the reduced rates. The more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate qualified dividends could cause investors who are taxed at individual rates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the shares of REITs, including our common stock.
Distributions to tax-exempt investors may be classified as unrelated business taxable income and tax-exempt investors would be required to pay tax on the unrelated business taxable income and to file income tax returns. Neither ordinary nor capital gain distributions with respect to our common stock nor gain from the sale of stock should generally constitute unrelated business taxable income to a tax-exempt investor. However, there are certain exceptions to this rule. In particular:
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under certain circumstances, part of the income and gain recognized by certain qualified employee pension trusts with respect to our stock may be treated as unrelated business taxable income if our stock is predominately held by qualified employee pension trusts, such that we are a “pension-held” REIT (which we do not expect to be the case);
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part of the income and gain recognized by a tax exempt investor with respect to our stock would constitute unrelated business taxable income if such investor incurs debt in order to acquire our common stock; and
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part or all of the income or gain recognized with respect to our stock held by social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts and qualified group legal services plans which are exempt from federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (9), (17) or (20) of the Code may be treated as unrelated business taxable income.
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We encourage you to consult your own tax advisor to determine the tax consequences applicable to you if you are a tax-exempt investor. See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations — Taxation of Tax-Exempt Stockholders.”
Benefit Plan Risks Under ERISA or the Code
If you fail to meet the fiduciary and other standards under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended or the Code as a result of an investment in our stock, you could be subject to criminal and civil penalties. Special considerations apply to the purchase of stock by employee benefit plans subject to the fiduciary rules of title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or ERISA, including pension or profit sharing plans and entities that hold assets of such plans, which we refer to as ERISA Plans, and plans and accounts that are not subject to ERISA, but are subject to the prohibited transaction rules of Section 4975 of the Code, including IRAs, Keogh Plans, and medical savings accounts. (Collectively, we refer to ERISA Plans and plans subject to Section 4975 of the Code as “Benefit Plans” or “Benefit Plan Investors”). If you are investing the assets of any Benefit Plan, you should consider whether:
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your investment will be consistent with your fiduciary obligations under ERISA and the Code;
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your investment will be made in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the Benefit Plan, including the Plan’s investment policy;
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your investment will satisfy the prudence and diversification requirements of Sections 404(a)(1)(B) and 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA, if applicable, and other applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code;
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your investment will impair the liquidity of the Benefit Plan;
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your investment will produce “unrelated business taxable income” for the Benefit Plan;
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you will be able to satisfy plan liquidity requirements as there may be only a limited market to sell or otherwise dispose of our stock; and
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your investment will constitute a prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
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Failure to satisfy the fiduciary standards of conduct and other applicable requirements of ERISA and the Code may result in the imposition of civil and criminal penalties, and can subject the fiduciary to claims for damages or for equitable remedies. In addition, if an investment in our shares constitutes a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code, the fiduciary or IRA owner who authorized or directed the investment may be subject to the imposition of excise taxes with respect to the amount invested. In the case of a prohibited transaction involving an IRA owner, the IRA may be disqualified and all of the assets of the IRA may be deemed distributed and subjected to tax. Benefit Plan Investors should consult with counsel before making an investment in shares of our common stock.
Plans that are not subject to ERISA or the prohibited transactions of the Code, such as government plans or church plans, may be subject to similar requirements under state law. The fiduciaries of such plans should satisfy themselves that the investment satisfies applicable law.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This offering circular contains certain forward-looking statements that are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “potential,” “intend,” “expect,” “outlook,” “seek,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximately,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “project,” “predict,” or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology or expressions. Forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions, discuss future expectations, describe future plans and strategies, contain financial and operating projections or state other forward-looking information. Our ability to predict results or the actual effect of future events, actions, plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. We caution that forward-looking statements are not guarantees. Actual events or our investments and results of operations could differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, our actual results and performance could differ materially from those set forth or anticipated in our forward-looking statements. Factors that could have a material adverse effect on our forward-looking statements and upon our business, results of operations, financial condition, funds derived from operations, cash available for distribution, cash flows, liquidity and prospects include, but are not limited to, the factors discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” and otherwise referenced in this offering circular, as well as the following:
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national, international, regional and local economic conditions;
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the availability of capital;
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legislative or regulatory changes (including changes to the laws governing the taxation of REITs);
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our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT; and
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related industry developments, including trends affecting our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements in this offering circular. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements included in this offering circular, which reflect our views as of the date of this offering circular. The matters summarized below and elsewhere in this offering circular could cause our actual results and performance to differ materially from those set forth or anticipated in forward-looking statements. Accordingly, we cannot guarantee future results or performance. Except as otherwise required by the federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements after the date of this offering circular, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or any other reason. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included in this offering circular, including, without limitation, the risks described under “Risk Factors,” the inclusion of such forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the objectives and plans set forth in this offering circular will be achieved.
DILUTION
On March 14, 2016, we issued 50,000 shares of common stock to each of Messrs. Kaplan, Kaplan, Jr., Stanton and Kurlander in exchange for $500.00 from each such person. The common stock was issued at a price per share of $0.01, representing a difference of $9.99 (99.9%) from the price to the public in this offering.
We have issued 96,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock for a purchase price of $25.00 per share, or $2,400,000 in the aggregate. Our independent director nominees purchased an aggregate of 12,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock. Our Series A Preferred Stock has an annual preferred dividend equal to 7.00% multiplied by the per share liquidation preference of $25.00. Additionally, our Series A Preferred Stock will convert automatically into shares of our common stock upon a Listing Event and may be converted into shares of our common stock, at the option of the holder, from and after March 31, 2020 if no Listing Event has occurred prior to such date.
Upon either an automatic or optional conversion, each share of Series A Preferred Stock will convert automatically into a number of shares of common stock equal to the sum of (i) the quotient of $25.00 plus the aggregate accrued plus unpaid preferred dividend per share, divided by $10.00, plus (ii) one-half of a common share. Assuming there are no accrued but unpaid dividends as of the conversion date, each share of Series A Preferred Stock will convert into three shares common stock, resulting in an effective cash cost per share of common stock to the purchasers of our Series A Preferred Stock of approximately $8.33, representing a difference of $1.67 from the price to the public in this offering.
We
will acquire our Contribution Properties through the contribution to us by Holmwood of all of the membership interests in the
seven single-member limited liability companies that own our Contribution Properties. In exchange, our operating partnership will:
(i) issue a number of OP Units to Holmwood equal to the agreed value of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties
as of the closing of the contribution, divided by $10.00; and (ii) assume all of the indebtedness secured by the Contribution
Properties and assume Holmwood’s corporate credit line. As of the date of this offering circular , the agreed
value of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties is $9,686,280, resulting in 968,628 OP Units being issued to Holmwood
and the assumption of an aggregate of $ 25,005,067 in indebtedness at the contribution closing. The value of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties and the number of OP Units
received by Holmwood each will increase in accordance with the amortization of the debt secured by such properties or interests
therein. The number of OP Units to be received will increase and the amount of debt to be assumed will decrease as
the debt secured by the Contribution Properties and Holmwood’s corporate credit line is paid down. The Limited Partnership
Agreement provides Holmwood with the right to require the operating partnership to redeem the OP Units on a certain future date.
On such date, the operating partnership can redeem the OP Units in cash or with shares of our common stock.
Pursuant to the Management Agreement, our Manager shall receive a grant of our company’s equity, which may be in the form of restricted shares of common stock, restricted stock units underlied by common stock, LTIP Units, or such other equity security as may be determined by the mutual consent of our board of directors and our Manager, at each closing in this offering, such that following such grant, our Manager shall own equity securities equivalent to 3% of the then issued and outstanding common stock of our company, on a fully diluted basis, solely as a result of such grants. If we sell the maximum amount in this offering, we will also grant our Manager equity securities equivalent to 137,834 shares of our common stock, on a fully diluted basis.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The
offers and sales of our shares will be made on a best efforts basis by broker-dealers who are members of FINRA. Cambria Capital,
LLC is our Dealer-Manager. Our Dealer-Manager will receive selling commissions of seven percent (7%) of the offering proceeds
which it may re-allow and pay to participating broker-dealers who sell shares, and a non-accountable due diligence, marketing
and expense reimbursement fee of one and one quarter percent (1.25%) of the offering proceeds, which it may also re-allow and
pay to the participating broker-dealers. Our Dealer-Manager will not be required to account for the spending of amounts comprising
the non-accountable due diligence, marketing and expense reimbursement fee. Our Dealer-Manager may also sell shares as part of
the selling group, thereby becoming entitled to retain a greater portion of the seven percent (7%) selling commissions. Any portion
of the seven percent (7%) selling commissions retained by the Dealer-Manager would be included within the amount of selling commissions
payable by us and not in addition thereto.
We may pay reduced or no selling commissions and/or expense reimbursements or fees in connection with the sale of shares in this offering to:
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registered principals or representatives of our Dealer-Manager or a participating broker (and immediate family members of any of the foregoing Persons);
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our employees, officers and directors or those of our manager, our property manager or the affiliates of any of the foregoing entities (and the immediate family members of any of the foregoing Persons), any Plan established exclusively for the benefit of such persons or entities, and, if approved by our board of directors, joint venture partners, consultants and other service providers;
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clients of an investment advisor registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 or under applicable state securities laws (other than any registered investment advisor that is also registered as a broker-dealer, with the exception of clients who have “wrap” accounts which have asset based fees with such dually registered investment advisor/broker-dealer); or
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persons investing in a bank trust account with respect to which the authority for investment decisions made has been delegated to the bank trust department.
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For purposes of the foregoing, “immediate family members” means such Person’s spouse, parents, children, brothers, sisters, grandparents, grandchildren and any such Person who is so related by marriage such that this includes “step-” and “-in-law” relations as well as such Persons so related by adoption. In addition, participating brokers contractually obligated to their clients for the payment of fees on terms inconsistent with the terms of acceptance of all or a portion of the selling commissions and/or expense reimbursements or fees may elect not to accept all or a portion of such compensation. In that event, such shares will be sold to the investor at a per share purchase price, net of all or a portion of selling commissions and/or expense reimbursements or fees. All sales must be made through a registered broker-dealer participating in this offering, and investment advisors must arrange for the placement of sales accordingly. The net proceeds to us will not be affected by reducing or eliminating selling commissions and/or expense reimbursements or fees payable in connection with sales through registered investment advisors or bank trust departments.
We anticipate that our company and our Dealer-Manager will enter into a Dealer-Manager Agreement, which will be filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the offering statement of which this offering circular is a part, for the sale of our shares. Broker-dealers desiring to become members of the selling group will be required to execute a participating dealer agreement with our Dealer-Manager either before or after the date of this offering circular.
Escrow
We
are offering a minimum of 500,000 and a maximum of 3,000,000 shares of our common stock at an offering price of 10.00 per share,
for a minimum offering amount of $5,000,000 and a maximum offering amount of $30,000,000. The minimum purchase requirement is
150 shares, or $1,500; however, we can waive the minimum purchase requirement in our sole discretion. We will not sell
any shares unless we raise the minimum offering amount of $5,000,000 by ___________ from persons who are not affiliated with us
or our operating partnership. Until we have raised this amount, all subscription payments will be placed in a non-interest bearing
account held by the escrow agent, BB&T , in compliance with Exchange Act Rule 15c2-4, pending release to us. Once we
have raised the applicable minimum offering amount and instructed the escrow agent to disburse the funds in the account, funds
representing the gross purchase price for the shares will be distributed to us. If we do not raise at least $5,000,000 by ____________,
we will promptly return all funds in the escrow account, and we will stop offering shares. We
will not deduct any fees if we return funds from the escrow account because we are unable to raise the minimum offering amount.
Following achievement of our minimum offering amount, we intend to hold additional closings on at least a monthly basis. The final closing will occur whenever we have reached the maximum offering amount. Until we achieve the minimum offering and thereafter until each closing, the proceeds for that closing will be kept in the escrow account with the escrow agent, in compliance with Exchange Act Rule 15c2-4. Upon each closing, the proceeds will be disbursed to us and the shares sold will be issued to the investors.
Investment Limitations
Generally, if you are not an "accredited investor" as defined in Rule 501 (a) of Regulation D (17 CFR §230.501 (a)) no sale may be made to you in this offering if the aggregate purchase price you pay is more than 10% of the greater of your annual income or net worth. Different rules apply to accredited investors and non-natural persons. Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to refer to www.investor.gov.
As a Tier 2, Regulation A offering, investors must comply with the 10% limitation to investment in the offering. The only investor in this offering exempt from this limitation is an accredited investor, or an Accredited Investor, as defined under Rule 501 of Regulation D. If you meet one of the following tests you should qualify as an Accredited Investor:
(i) You are a natural person who has had individual income in excess of $200,000 in each of the two most recent years, or joint income with your spouse in excess of $300,000 in each of these years, and have a reasonable expectation of reaching the same income level in the current year;
(ii) You are a natural person and your individual net worth, or joint net worth with your spouse, exceeds $1,000,000 at the time you purchase Units (please see below on how to calculate your net worth);
(iii) You are an executive officer or general partner of the issuer or a manager or executive officer of the general partner of the issuer;
(iv) You are an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, a corporation, a Massachusetts or similar business trust or a partnership, not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the shares, with total assets in excess of $5,000,000;
(v) You are a bank or a savings and loan association or other institution as defined in the Securities Act, a broker or dealer registered pursuant to Section 15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, an insurance company as defined by the Securities Act, an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act, or a business development company as defined in that act, any Small Business Investment Company licensed by the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 or a private business development company as defined in the Investment Advisers Act of 1940;
(vi) You are an entity (including an Individual Retirement Account trust) in which each equity owner is an accredited investor;
(vii) You are a trust with total assets in excess of $5,000,000, your purchase of Units is directed by a person who either alone or with his purchaser representative(s) (as defined in Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act) has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that he is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment, and you were not formed for the specific purpose of investing in the shares; or
(viii) You are a plan established and maintained by a state, its political subdivisions, or any agency or instrumentality of a state or its political subdivisions, for the benefit of its employees, if such plan has assets in excess of $5,000,000.
NOTE: For the purposes of calculating your net worth, or Net Worth, for purposes of determining compliance with the 10% limitation or the accredited investor standard, it is defined as the difference between total assets and total liabilities. This calculation must exclude the value of your primary residence and may exclude any indebtedness secured by your primary residence (up to an amount equal to the value of your primary residence). In the case of fiduciary accounts, net worth and/or income suitability requirements may be satisfied by the beneficiary of the account or by the fiduciary, if the fiduciary directly or indirectly provides funds for the purchase of the shares.
In order to purchase offered shares and prior to the acceptance of any funds from an investor, an investor will be required to represent, to our company’s satisfaction, that he is either an accredited investor or is in compliance with the 10% of net worth or annual income limitation on investment in this offering.
Procedures for Subscribing
To purchase shares in this offering, you must complete and sign a subscription agreement, which you may obtain from your broker-dealer or registered investment advisor, for a specific number of shares and pay for the shares at the time of your subscription. Subscription agreements may be completed electronically if permitted by your broker-dealer or registered investment advisor. You may pay the purchase price for your shares by: (i) check; (ii) wire transfer in accordance with the instructions contained in your subscription agreement; or (iii) electronic funds transfer via ACH in accordance with the instructions contained in your subscription agreement. All checks should be made payable to “BB&T, as Escrow Agent for HC Government Realty Trust, Inc.” Completed subscription agreements and payments should be sent by your broker-dealer or registered investment advisor, as applicable, to the escrow agent, BB&T, at the address set forth in the subscription agreement. Subscriptions will be effective only upon our acceptance, and we reserve the right to reject any subscription in whole or in part. For any subscription agreement received prior to the date this offering is qualified by the SEC (which we will refer to as the qualification date), we shall have a period of 30 days from the qualification date to accept or reject the subscription agreement. For any subscription agreements received after the qualification date, we shall have a period of 30 days after receipt of the subscription agreement to accept or reject the subscription agreement. If rejected, we will return all funds to the rejected subscribers within ten business days. If accepted, the funds will be transferred into our general account. You will receive a confirmation of your purchase. We will not accept subscription agreements prior to the SEC’s qualification of this offering.
After the qualification date, the participating dealers will provide each prospective investor with a copy of the final offering circular and any exhibits and appendices thereto. If a prospective investor receives the preliminary offering circular, then the soliciting dealer will deliver to the investor the final offering circular at least 48 hours before such investor will be permitted to acquire shares of our common stock. If an investor purchases shares of our common stock within 90 calendar days of the qualification date, the soliciting dealer will deliver to the investor, no later than two business days following the completion of such sale, a copy of the final offering circular and all exhibits and appendices thereto either by (i) electronic delivery of the final offering circular or the uniform resource locator to where the final offering circular may be accessed on the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (“EDGAR”), or (ii) mailing the final offering circular and all exhibits and appendices thereto to the investor at the address indicated in the subscription agreement.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering, after deducting selling commissions and fees and offering costs and expenses payable by us, will be approximately $4,087,500 if we raise the minimum offering amount and $26,625,000 if we raise the maximum offering amount, following the payment of selling commissions, Dealer-Manager fees and other offering costs. Set forth below is a table showing the estimated sources and uses of the proceeds from this offering, for both the minimum and maximum offering amounts. The table below represents our estimated use of proceeds. The actual use of proceeds may be different from that which is disclosed below, and we reserve the ability to alter the use of proceeds, in our sole discretion, if market conditions dictate as such.
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Minimum Dollar
Amount
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|
|
Offering
Amount %
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|
Maximum
Offering
Amount
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|
|
Offering
Amount %
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Gross Proceeds
|
|
$
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5,000,000
|
|
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
$
|
30,000,000
|
|
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Offering Expenses 1
|
|
$
|
500,000
|
|
|
|
10.00
|
%
|
|
$
|
900,000
|
|
|
|
3.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Selling Commissions & Fees 2
|
|
$
|
412,500
|
|
|
|
8.25
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%
|
|
$
|
2,475,000
|
|
|
|
8.25
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%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Proceeds Available for Investment3
|
|
$
|
4,087,500
|
|
|
|
81.75
|
%
|
|
$
|
26,625,000
|
|
|
|
88.75
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%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Total Use of Proceeds
|
|
$
|
5,000,000
|
|
|
|
100.00
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%
|
|
$
|
30,000,000
|
|
|
|
100.00
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%
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1
Estimated offering expenses include legal, accounting, printing,
advertising, travel, marketing, blue sky compliance and other expenses of this offering, and transfer agent and escrow fees. They
also include approximately $225,000 of financial advisory fees payable by our Manager to BB&T Capital Markets at the initial
closing of this offering and reimbursable by us relative to BB&T Capital Markets ’ investment banking advisory
services , which includes their advising and assisting with the structuring this offering and our formation transactions.
Our Manager has previously paid, and we have reimbursed, a $50,000 non-refundable retainer to BB&T Capital Markets and we
will reimburse an additional $100,000 to our Manager for a payment due to BB&T Capital Markets upon qualification of the offering
statement of which this offering circular is a part. Such reimbursements to be made prior to our initial closing will not be paid
from proceeds of this offering.
2 Our Dealer-Manager will receive selling commissions of 7.00% of the gross offering proceeds and a non-accountable expense allowance of 1.25% of the gross offering proceeds, each of which it may re-allow and pay to participating broker-dealers.
3 If the minimum offering amount is raised, we intend to use approximately 81.75% of the gross offering proceeds to acquire properties, manage our business, provide working capital for operations, including costs related to new contracts and deposits for the acquisition of properties, and potentially pay down existing debt secured by our investments. If the maximum offering amount is raised, we intend to use approximately 88.75% of the gross offering proceeds to acquire properties, manage our business, provide working capital for operations, including costs related to new contracts and deposits for the acquisition of properties, and potentially pay down existing debt secured by our investments. These amounts may be used to pay salaries and other compensation to our independent directors. We anticipate paying off the Holmwood Loan, the Standridge Note and Holmwood’s corporate credit line with Citizen’s Bank & Trust Company, or the Citizens Loan, which we intend to assume and immediately pay off, with proceeds of the initial closing. The Holmwood Loan, the Standridge Note and the Citizen’s Loan have an aggregate principal balance as of the date of this offering circular of $3,738,008. Please see “INTEREST OF MANAGEMENT AND OTHERS IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS – Holmwood Loan” for a description of the Holmwood Loan, and “DESCRIPTION OF OUR PROPERTIES – Initial Portfolio – Owned Properties” for a description of the Standridge Note. Holmwood borrowed the Citizen’s Loan from Citizens Bank & Trust Company, or Citizens, in July 2015. The Citizen’s Loan had an original principal amount of $1,500,000 and an interest rate of 7.25% with payments of interest and principal based upon a five year amortization and a maturity in July 2018. As security for the Citizen’s Loan, Holmwood pledged all of its 100% membership interests in GOV Lorain, LLC, GOV Jonesboro, LLC, and GOV, PSL, LLC and all distributions received by Holmwood from such interests. The Citizen’s Loan may be prepaid at any time. The Citizen’s Loan has a current principal balance of $718,219, and we intend to assume and immediately repay the Citizen’s Loan concurrently with the initial closing of this offering.
DESCRIPTION OF OUR BUSINESS
HC Government Realty Trust, Inc. was formed in 2016 as a Maryland corporation, and we intend to elect to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2016. We invest primarily in GSA Properties across secondary and smaller markets, within size ranges of 5,000-50,000 rentable square feet, and in their first term after construction or retrofit to post-9/11 standards. We further emphasize GSA Properties that fulfill mission critical or citizen service functions. Leases associated with the GSA Properties in which our company invests are full faith and credit obligations of the United States of America and are administered by the U.S. General Services Administration or directly through the occupying federal agencies, or collectively the GSA. Our principal objective is the creation of value for stockholders by utilizing our relationships and knowledge of GSA Properties, specifically, the acquisition, management and disposition of GSA Properties. As of the initial closing of this offering and our formation transactions, we will wholly own 10 properties, all of them leased in their entirety to U.S. Government agency tenants. Our initial portfolio will consist of (i) three properties to be acquired by our company, through subsidiaries, using proceeds from the issuance of our Series A Preferred Stock offering, and (ii) seven properties to be contributed to us as of the initial closing by Holmwood pursuant to the Contribution Agreement. We refer to the acquisition of our initial ten-property portfolio as our “formation transactions.”
The GSA-leased real estate asset class possesses a number of positive attributes that we believe will offer our stockholders significant benefits, including a highly creditworthy and very stable tenant base, long-term lease structures and low risk of tenant turnover. GSA leases are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, and the GSA has never experienced a financial default in its history. Payment for rents under GSA leases are funded through the Federal Buildings Fund and are not subject to direct federal appropriations, which can fluctuate with federal budget and political priorities. In addition to presenting reduced risk of default, GSA leases typically have long initial terms of ten to 20 years with renewal leases having terms of five to ten years, which limit operational risk. Upon renewal of a GSA lease, base rent is typically reset based on a number of factors, including inflation and the replacement cost of the building at the time of renewal, which we generally expect will increase over the life of the lease. Renewal rates for GSA Properties in the first term currently stand at approximately 95% for single-tenant, built-to-suit facilities.8
GSA-leased
properties generally provide attractive investment opportunities and require specialized knowledge and expertise. Each U.S. Government
agency has its own customs, procedures, culture, needs and mission, which translate into different requirements for its leased
space. Furthermore, the sector is highly fragmented, as ownership is disparate and there is no national broker or clearinghouse
for GSA-leased properties. We believe this fragmentation results, in part, from the U.S. Government’s and GSA’s contracting
policies, including policies of preference for small, woman and minority owned businesses . As of August 2015, the largest
owner of GSA-leased properties owned approximately 3.5% of the GSA-leased market by RSF and the ten largest owners of GSA-leased
properties collectively owned approximately 17% of the GSA-leased market by RSF.9
Long-term relationships and specialized institutional knowledge
regarding the agencies, their space needs and the hierarchy and importance of a property to its tenant agency are crucial to understanding
which agencies and properties present the greatest likelihood of long-term tenancy, and to identifying and acquiring attractive
investment properties. Our initial portfolio is diversified among U.S. Government tenant
agencies, including a number of the U.S. Government’s largest and most essential agencies, such as the Drug Enforcement
Administration, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Social Security Administration and the Department of Transportation.
We intend to operate as an UPREIT, and own our properties through our subsidiary, HC Government Realty Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership. While we intend to focus on investments in GSA Properties, we may also develop programs in the future to invest in state and local government, single-tenant and majority occupied properties and properties majority leased to the United States of America. We are externally managed and advised by Holmwood Capital Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, our Manager. Our Manager will make all investment decisions for us. Our Manager is owned by Messrs. Robert R. Kaplan and Robert R. Kaplan Jr., individually, and by Stanton Holdings, LLC, which is controlled by Mr. Edwin M. Stanton, and by Baker Hill Holding LLC, which is controlled by Philip Kurlander, all in equal proportions. The officers of our Manager are Messrs. Edwin M. Stanton, President, Robert R. Kaplan, Jr., Vice President, Philip Kurlander, Treasurer, and Robert R. Kaplan, Secretary.
We expect that our Manager’s management team’s extensive knowledge of U.S. Government properties and lease structures will allow us to execute transactions efficiently. Additionally, we believe that our ability to identify and implement building improvements increases the likelihood of lease renewal and enhances the value of our portfolio. Our experienced Manager’s management team brings specialized insight into the mission and hierarchy of tenant agencies so that we are able to gain a deep understanding of the U.S. Government’s long-term strategy for a particular agency and its resulting space needs. This allows us to target properties for use by agencies that will have enduring criticality and the highest likelihood of lease renewal. Lease duration and the likelihood of renewal are further increased as properties are tailored to meet the specific needs of individual U.S. Government agencies, such as specialized environmental and security upgrades.
Our Manager and its principals have a network of relationships with real estate owners, investors, operators and developers of all sizes and investment formats, across the United States and especially in relation to GSA Properties. We believe these relationships will provide us with a competitive advantage, greater access to off-market transactions, and flexibility in our investment choices to source and acquire GSA Properties.
In
addition to the dedication and experience of our Manager’s management team, we will rely on the network of professional
and advisory relationships our Manager’s management team has cultivated, including BB&T Capital Markets . Our Manager
has engaged BB&T Capital Markets to provide investment banking advisory services, including REIT financial and market analysis,
offering structure and formation transaction analysis.
We believe that in the long-term, there will be a consistent flow of properties in our target markets for purposes of acquisition, leasing and managing which we expect will enable us to continue our platform into the foreseeable future. We intend to acquire GSA Properties located across secondary and smaller markets throughout the United States. We do not anticipate making acquisitions outside of the United States or its territories.
We primarily expect to make direct acquisitions of GSA Properties and other investments, if any, but we may also invest through indirect investments in real property, such as those that may be obtained in a joint venture which may or may not be managed or affiliated with our Manager or its affiliates, whereby we own less than a 100% of the beneficial interest therein; provided, that in such event, we will acquire at least 50 percent of the outstanding voting securities in the investment, or otherwise comply with SEC staff guidance regarding majority-owned subsidiaries, for the investment to meet the definition of “majority-owned subsidiary” under the Investment Company Act. While our Manager does not intend for these types of investments to be a primary focus, we may make such investments in our Manager’s sole discretion.
Our Competitive Strengths and Strategic Opportunities
We believe the experience of our Manager and its affiliates, as well as our investment strategies, distinguish us from other real estate companies. We believe that we will be benefitted by the alignment of the following competitive strengths and strategic opportunities:
High Quality Portfolio Leased to Mission-Critical U.S. Government Agencies
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Upon completion of this offering and the formation transactions, we will wholly own 10 GSA Properties that are 100% leased to the United States. As of the date of this offering circular, based on net operating income, the weighted average age of our initial portfolio was approximately 7.5 years, and the weighted average remaining lease term was approximately 7.7 years.
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·
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All of our initial portfolio properties are leased to U.S. Government agencies that serve mission-critical or citizen service functions.
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·
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These properties generally meet our investment criteria, which target GSA Properties across secondary or smaller markets, within size ranges of 5,000-50,000 rentable square feet, and in their first term after construction or retrofitted to post-9/11 standards.
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Aligned Management Team
·
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Upon completion of this offering and the formation transactions, our senior management team will own approximately 28.44% of our common stock on a fully diluted basis, which will help to align their interests with those of our stockholders.
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·
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A significant portion of our Manager’s fees will be accrued and eventually paid in stock, which will be issued upon the earlier of listing on a national exchange or 48 months from the initial closing, which will also align the interests of our Manager with those of our stockholders.
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Asset Management
·
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Considerable experience in developing, financing, owning, managing, and leasing Class A office properties, including federal government-leased properties across the U.S. (over 110 years of collective experience and $4.6 billion in commercial real estate transactions, and approximately $3 billion of GSA Properties and other government leased assets).
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·
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Relationships with real estate owners, developers, brokers and lenders should allow our company to source off-market or limited-competitive acquisition opportunities at attractive cap rates.
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·
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In-depth knowledge of the GSA procurement process, GSA requirements, and GSA organizational dynamics. The GSA build-to-suit lease process is detailed and requires significant process-specific expertise as well as extensive knowledge of GSA building requirements and leases.
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·
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Strong network of professional and advisory relationships, including BB&T Capital Markets, financial advisor to our Manager.
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Property Management
·
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Significant experience in property management and management of third party property managers, focusing on the day-to-day management of the owned properties, including cleaning, repairs, landscaping, collecting rents, handling compliance with zoning and regulations.
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Credit Quality
of Tenant
·
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Leases are full faith and credit obligations of the United States and, as such, are not subject to the risk of annual appropriations.
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·
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High lease renewal rates for GSA Properties in first term (average of 93% for single-tenant properties, 95% for single-tenant, built-to-suit properties).10
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·
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Based on 2014 GSA statistics, since 2001 average duration of occupancy for federal agencies in the same leased building is 25 years. From 2001 through 2010, the GSA exercised the right to terminate prior to the end of the full lease term at a rate of 1.73%, according to Colliers International research.
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·
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Leases typically include inflation-linked rent increases associated with certain property operating costs, which the Company believes will mitigate expense variability.
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Fragmented Market for Assets Within Company Acquisition Strategy
·
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Our Manager has observed that the market of owners and developers of targeted assets appears highly fragmented with the majority of ownership distributed among small regional owners and developers.
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·
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Based on our research, GSA Properties currently trade at an average cap rate of 7.25% compared to 4.5% - 5.5% for all investment grade-rated, single tenant, triple net lease properties11 and less than 2.0% for 10-year U.S. Treasury bonds.12
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Large Inventory of Targeted Assets
·
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Over 1,300 GSA Properties in our targeted size are spread throughout U.S.
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·
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Company strategy of mitigating lease renewal risk by owning specialized, mission critical and customer service functioned properties, portfolio diversification by agency and location and through careful acquisition of staggered lease expirations.
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Our Strategy
We believe there is a significant opportunity to acquire and build a portfolio consisting of high-quality GSA Properties at attractive risk-adjusted returns. We will seek primarily to acquire “citizen service” properties, or properties that are “mission critical” to an agency function. Further, we primarily target properties located within secondary or smaller markets, within size ranges of 5,000-50,000 rentable square feet, and in their first term after construction or retrofitted to post-9/11 standards.
We will either target GSA Properties that are LEED® certified or actively seek LEED® certification after acquisition. Of our initial portfolio of 10 properties, five properties are LEED® certified and another property is in the LEED® certification process.
We believe this subset of GSA Properties is highly fragmented and often overlooked by larger investors, which can provide opportunities for us to buy at more attractive pricing to other properties within the asset class. We also believe selection based on agency function, building use and location in these smaller markets will help to mitigate risk of non-renewal. While we intend to focus on this subset of GSA Properties, we are not limited in the properties in which we may invest. We have the flexibility to expand our investment focus as market conditions may dictate and, as determined in the sole discretion of our Manager, subject to broad investment guidelines, or our Investment Guidelines, and Investment Policies, as defined below, adopted by our board of directors, as may be amended by the board of directors from time to time. Renewal rates for GSA Properties in the first term currently stands at approximately 95% for single-tenant, built-to-suit facilities.
Our board has adopted certain investment policies, or our Investment Policies. Our Investment Policies will provide our Manager with substantial discretion with respect to the selection, acquisition and management of specific investments, subject to the limitations in the Management Agreement. Our Manager may revise the Investment Policies, which are described herein, without the approval of our board of directors or stockholders; provided, however, that our Manager may not acquire properties falling outside our Investment Guidelines without the approval of our board of directors. Our board may also adjust our Investment Policies and will review them at least annually to determine whether the policies are in the best interests of our stockholders.
Growth Strategy
Value-Enhancing Asset Management
·
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Our management team focuses on the efficient management of our properties and on improvements to our properties that enhance their value for a tenant agency and improve the likelihood of lease renewal.
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·
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We also seek to reduce operating costs at all of our properties, often by implementing energy efficiency programs that help the U.S. Government achieve its conservation and efficiency goals.
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·
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Our asset management team also conducts frequent audits of each of our properties in concert with the GSA and the tenant agency so as to keep each facility in optimal condition, allowing the tenant agency to better perform its stated mission and helping to position us as a GSA partner of choice.
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10 GSA
Renew Existing Leases at Positive Spreads
·
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We intend to renew leases at our GSA-leased properties at positive spreads upon expiration.
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·
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Upon lease renewal, GSA rental rates are typically reset based on a number of factors, including inflation, the replacement cost of the building at the time of renewal and enhancements to the property since the date of the prior lease.
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·
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During the term of a GSA lease, we work in close partnership with the GSA to implement improvements at our properties to enhance the U.S. Government tenant agency’s ability to perform its stated mission, thereby increasing the importance of the building to the tenant agency and the probability of an increase in rent upon lease renewal.
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Reduce Property-Level Operating Expenses
·
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We manage our properties to increase our income, continuing to reduce property-level operating costs.
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·
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We manage our properties in a cost efficient manner so as to eliminate any excess spending and streamline our operating costs.
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·
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When we acquire a property, we review all property-level operating expenditures to determine whether and how the property can be managed more efficiently.
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Industry and Market Data
General Services Administration
We focus primarily on the acquisition and management of Class A commercial properties that are leased to U.S. Government agencies that serve essential functions. The GSA acts as the real estate intermediary for a wide range of U.S. Government entities, including the Drug Enforcement Administration, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Internal Revenue Service, Administrative Office of the Courts, Department of Justice, Department of Homeland Security, Department of the Treasury, Department of State and Central Intelligence Agency.
The GSA is divided into two principal divisions, the Federal Acquisition Service, or FAS, and the Public Buildings Service, or PBS. The FAS provides comprehensive solutions for products and services across the U.S. Government. The PBS acquires and manages thousands of federal properties and provides management, leasing, acquisition and disposal services to suit the U.S. Government’s real estate needs. The PBS provides more than 378 million square feet of workspace for more than 1.1 million federal workers in approximately 9,000 properties nationwide. Within the PBS portfolio, properties are either under the full custody and control of the GSA (i.e., U.S. Government-owned) or leased from the private sector and include assets such as office buildings, courthouses, land ports of entry, warehouses, laboratories and parking structures.
Over the 46-year period from 1968 to 2014, the GSA’s total portfolio of leased space grew at an average annual rate of 3.1%. From 1998 to 2014, the GSA’s leased inventory experienced substantially faster growth than the GSA-owned inventory, growing by 29.1% in the aggregate as compared to 1.3% decline in the aggregate for GSA-owned inventory over the same period. The GSA’s leased inventory now comprises over 50% of the GSA’s total inventory in terms of rentable square feet. The overall growth of the GSA’s leased inventory can be seen in the chart below:

Source: GSA
A
leasing model allows the GSA the flexibility to accommodate each federal agency’s needs by accounting for both the scope
and urgency of its respective space requirements. Although the GSA typically utilizes a uniform lease agreement, the build-out
and building security requirements for each tenant vary according to that
agency’s specific mission and hierarchy of the property
within the agency. See “DESCRIPTION OF OUR PROPERTIES – General Provisions in Federal Government Leases.”
In many cases, existing U.S. Government-owned properties cannot accommodate tenant needs, and the upfront cost and complexity
of constructing a new U.S. Government-owned building can be prohibitive. The average age of the U.S. Government-owned properties
is 48 years. As a result, the GSA’s reliance on privately owned office space has escalated. We believe this is due in part
to the fact that the full cost of each construction project must be recognized in a single fiscal year budget, whereas a newly
leased building only requires recognition of annual payments in the applicable agency’s annual budget. Thus, given recent
federal budget constraints, we believe it is likely that the U.S. Government will continue to grow its leased portfolio of assets,
strengthening its reliance on leasing over ownership.
Attributes of the GSA-Leased Asset Class
The GSA-leased asset class possesses several positive attributes:
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U.S. Government Tenant Credit: Leases are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, and the GSA has never experienced a financial default. Even during the U.S. Government “shutdown” of 2013, the GSA continued to pay its rent to private landlords through the Federal Buildings Fund that is not subject to direct appropriations. As such, we believe that there is limited risk of tenant default.
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Limited Renewal Risk: The historical renewal rate for GSA-leased properties has been approximately 77% and, properties within our target market between 5,000 – 50,000 square feet that are 100% leased to the U.S. Government have historical renewal rates in the range of 93% to 95%. Our strategy seeks to increase the likelihood of renewal by acquiring or constructing projects based on the following:
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Having specialized knowledge and insight into the mission and hierarchy of a tenant agency or property prior to purchasing the asset.
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Focusing on the market segment that we believe is most likely to renew: buildings of Class A construction that are less than 20 years old or have been retrofitted to post 9/11 standards, are 100% leased to a single U.S. Government tenant, including through the GSA, are in their first lease term post-construction or retrofit and include build-to-suit features and are focused on environmental sustainability.
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Long-Term Lease Structures: A typical initial GSA lease has a term of ten to 20 years, limiting operational risk. A renewal lease typically has a term of five to ten years.
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Strong Rent Growth Upon Renewal: When a GSA lease expires, the new base rent is typically reset based on a number of factors, including inflation, the replacement cost of the building at the time of renewal, which we generally expect will increase over the life of the lease, and enhancements to the property since the date of the prior lease. Between 2005 and 2015, the average rental increase for GSA leases within our target market was approximately 29% upon renewal based on a study completed by Colliers International in March 2016.
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Low Market Correlation: We believe that the GSA-leased real estate asset class is less correlated to macro cycles than traditional commercial real estate. The U.S. Government remains the largest employer in the world, the largest office tenant in the United States and the primary catalyst of the U.S. economy. Finally, given our expectation for continuing budgetary constraints, the U.S. Government’s increased reliance on leasing over ownership is expected to continue.
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Fragmented Market: The largest owner of GSA-leased assets owns approximately 3.6% of the GSA-leased market by RSF based on Colliers International Top GSA Property Owners (2015 Edition). The ten largest owners of GSA-leased assets collectively own approximately 17% of the GSA-leased market by RSF. Additionally, there is no national broker or clearinghouse for GSA-leased properties. We believe that all of these factors work in concert to create a fragmented market that requires owners and developers to have specialized knowledge and expertise to navigate the landscape.
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All of these market dynamics combine to yield a strong climate for investment opportunities and to drive stable cash flows within the GSA-leased property market.
DESCRIPTION OF OUR PROPERTIES
Our Initial Portfolio
Upon the completion of this offering and our formation transactions we will own, through wholly-owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership, the initial portfolio of GSA Properties listed below. The following table presents an overview of our initial portfolio.
Initial Portfolio
|
Current Occupant
|
|
Rentable Sq. Ft
|
|
|
% of Initial Portfolio1
|
|
|
% Leased
|
|
Lease Expiration2
|
|
Annual Base Rent for Current Lease Year3
|
|
|
Annual Base Rent % of Initial Portfolio
|
|
Contribution Properties
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Port Saint Lucie, FL
650 NW Peacock Boulevard, Port Saint Lucie, Florida 34986
|
U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, or DEA
|
|
|
24,858 |
|
|
|
15.94 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
5/31/2027
|
|
$ |
562,257 |
|
|
|
11.90 |
% |
Jonesboro, AR
1809 LaTourette Drive, Jonesboro, Arkansas 72404
|
U.S. Social Security Administration, or SSA
|
|
|
16,439 |
|
|
|
10.54 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
1/11/2027
|
|
$ |
616,155 |
|
|
|
13.04 |
% |
Lorain, OH
221 West 5th Street, Lorain, Ohio 44052
|
SSA
|
|
|
11,607 |
|
|
|
7.44 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
3/ 11 /2024
|
|
$ |
437,423 |
|
|
|
9.26 |
% |
Cape Canaveral, FL
200 George King Boulevard, Port Canaveral, Florida 32920
|
U.S. Customs and Border Protection, or CBP
|
|
|
14,704 |
|
|
|
9.43 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
7/15/2027
|
|
$ |
645,805 |
|
|
|
13.67 |
% |
Johnson City, TN
2620 Knob Creek Road, Johnson City, Tennessee 37604
|
U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, or FBI
|
|
|
10,115 |
|
|
|
6.49 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
8/20/2027
|
|
$ |
392,077 |
|
|
|
8.30 |
% |
Fort Smith, AR
4624 Kelley Highway, Ft. Smith, Arkansas 72904
|
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, or CIS
|
|
|
13, 816 |
|
|
|
8.86 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
10/30/2029
|
|
$ |
419,627 |
|
|
|
8.88 |
% |
Silt, CO
2300 River Frontage Road, Silt, Colorado 81652
|
U.S. Bureau of Land Management, or BLM
|
|
|
18,813 |
|
|
|
12.06 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
9/30/2029
|
|
$ |
385,029 |
|
|
|
8.15 |
% |
Sub-Total Contribution Properties
|
|
|
|
110,352 |
|
|
|
70.76 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
$ |
3,458,373 |
|
|
|
73.22 |
% |
Owned Properties
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lakewood, CO
12305 West Dakota Avenue, Lakewood, Colorado 80228
|
US Department of Transportation, or DOT
|
|
|
19,241 |
|
|
|
12.47 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
6/20/2024
|
|
$ |
459,902 |
|
|
|
9.74 |
% |
Moore, OK
200 NE 27th Street, Moore, OK 73160
|
SSA
|
|
|
17,058 |
|
|
|
10.01 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
4/9/2027
|
|
$ |
524,018 |
|
|
|
11.09 |
% |
Lawton, OK
1610 SW Lee Boulevard, Lawton, OK 73501
|
SSA
|
|
|
9,298 |
|
|
|
6.02 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
8/16/2025
|
|
$ |
281,143 |
|
|
|
5.95 |
% |
Sub-Total– Owned Properties
|
|
|
|
45,597 |
|
|
|
28.50 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
$ |
1,265,063 |
|
|
|
26.78 |
% |
Total – Initial Portfolio
|
|
|
|
155,949 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
100 |
% |
|
|
$ |
4,723,436 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
1 By rentable square footage.
2 The Lease Expiration date set forth in the table reflects the full term of the applicable lease, and does not account for any right of the tenant to terminate any such lease early.
Contribution Properties
Upon raising the minimum offering amount, and pursuant to the Contribution Agreement between our operating partnership and Holmwood, an affiliate, as defined below, or the Contribution Agreement, we intend to indirectly acquire (i) all of the limited liability company interests of GOV PSL, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Port Saint Lucie Owner, the owner of a 24,858 square foot property occupied by the Drug Enforcement Agency, or the DEA, and located at 650 NW Peacock Boulevard, Port Saint Lucie, Florida 34986, or the Port Saint Lucie Property; (ii) all of the limited liability company interests of GOV Jonesboro, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Jonesboro Owner, the owner of a 16,439 square foot property occupied by the Social Security Administration, or the SSA, and located at 1809 LaTourette Drive, Jonesboro, Arkansas 72404, or the Jonesboro Property; (iii) all of the limited liability company interests of GOV Lorain, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Lorain Owner, the owner of an 11,607 square foot property occupied by the SSA and located at 221 West 5th Street, Lorain, Ohio 44052, or the Lorain Property; (iv) all of the limited liability company interests of GOV CBP Cape Canaveral, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Port Canaveral Owner, the owner of a 14,704 square foot property occupied by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, or CBP, and located at 200 George King Boulevard, Cape Canaveral, Florida 32920, or the Port Canaveral Property; (v) all of the limited liability company interests of GOV FBI Johnson City, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Johnson City Owner, the owner of a 10,115 square foot property occupied by the Federal Bureau of Investigations, or the FBI, and located at 2620 Knob Creek Road, Johnson City, Tennessee 37604, or the Johnson City Property; (vi) all of the limited liability company interests of GOV Ft. Smith, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Ft. Smith Owner, the owner of a 14,735 square foot property occupied by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service, or the CIS, and located at 4624 Kelley Highway, Ft. Smith, Arkansas 72904, or the Fort Smith Property; and (vii) all of the limited liability company interests of GOV Silt, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Silt Owner, the owner of an 18,813 square foot property occupied by the United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management, or BLM, and located at 2300 River Frontage Road, Silt, Colorado 81652, or the Silt Property, and together with the Port Saint Lucie Property, the Jonesboro Property, the Lorain Property, the Port Canaveral Property, the Johnson City Property, and the Fort Smith Property, the Contribution Properties. We will indirectly purchase each of the Contribution Properties by acquiring each of the Port Saint Lucie Owner, the Jonesboro Owner, the Lorain Owner, the Port Canaveral Owner, the Johnson City Owner, the Fort Smith Owner, and the Silt Owner.
We
will acquire our Contribution Properties through the contribution to us by Holmwood of all of the membership interests in the
seven single-member limited liability companies that own our Contribution Properties. In exchange, our operating partnership will:
(i) issue a number of OP Units to Holmwood equal to the agreed value of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties
as of the closing of the contribution, divided by $10.00; and (ii) assume all of the indebtedness secured by the Contribution
Properties and assume Holmwood’s corporate credit line. As of the date of this offering circular, the
agreed value of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties is $9,686,280, resulting in 968,628 OP Units being issued
to Holmwood and the assumption of an aggregate of $ 25,005,067 in indebtedness at the contribution closing. The
value of Holmwood’s equity in the Contribution Properties and the number of OP Units received by Holmwood each will
increase in accordance with the amortization of the debt secured by such properties or interests therein. The total
purchase price for our Contribution Properties was determined by our Manager and Holmwood. By agreement, the value of the Silt
Property was agreed to be Holmwood’s purchase price, and the values of the remaining Contribution Properties were determined
by using prevailing market capitalization rates, as determined by our Manager, and the 2016 pro forma net operating income of
each remaining Contribution Property. Our Contribution Agreement requires us to enter into an agreement as of the closing of the
contribution granting Holmwood registration and qualification rights covering the resale of the shares of common stock into which
its OP Units will be convertible, subject to conditions set forth in our operating partner’s limited partnership agreement.
In addition, as of the closing of the contribution we will enter into a tax protection agreement with Holmwood under which we
will agree to (i) indemnify Holmwood for any taxes incurred as a result of a taxable sale
of the Contribution Properties for a period of ten years after the closing; and (ii) indemnify Holmwood if a reduction
in our nonrecourse liabilities secured by the Contribution Properties results in an incurrence of taxes, provided that we may
offer Holmwood the opportunity to guaranty a portion of our operating partnership’s other nonrecourse indebtedness in order
to avoid the incurrence of tax on Holmwood. For more information on the Contribution Properties, see “– Contribution
Properties.”
Owned Properties
We acquired our owned properties, on June 10 2016 through our operating partnership. The total contract purchase price for our owned properties was $10,226,786, comprised of: (a) $1,925,000 in cash pursuant to a deposit made to the seller on April 1, 2016; (b) the defeasance of the seller’s senior secured debt on the properties at closing; and (c) issuance of the Standridge Note to the seller in an amount equal to $2,019,789. The Standridge Note will mature on the earlier of December 10, 2017, or the date on which the we consummate a public securities offering (which would include this offering), or the date on which our owned properties are conveyed or refinanced by us. The Standridge Note is pre-payable prior to the maturity date at any time without penalty and will bear annual interest at the rate 7.0%. The Standridge Note will be interest-only through August 1, 2016 and therereafter will require monthly payments of principal and interest of $15,659.40 with a balloon payment due at maturity. The Standridge Note is unsecured but is guaranteed by Messrs. Kaplan, Kaplan, Jr., Kurlander and Stanton, and Baker Hill Holding LLC. For more information on our owned properties, see “Description of Our Properties – Owned Properties.”
In
addition to the Standridge Note, we acquired our owned properties using proceeds from our Series A Preferred Stock offering, secured
financing in the aggregate amount of $7,225,000 from CorAmerica, and the $1,000,000 Holmwood Loan. We anticipate
paying off both the Standridge Note and the Holmwood Loan with proceeds from the initial closing of this offering.
Contribution Properties
Port Saint Lucie Property
The Drug Enforcement Agency, or DEA, is currently occupying 100% of this 24,858 square foot building at 650 NW Peacock Boulevard, Port Saint Lucie, FL 34986, or the Port Saint Lucie Property. The Port Saint Lucie Property’s proximity to Interstate 95, with a 67-space asphalt-paved parking lot. The building is a two-story, tilt-up concrete structure constructed on 3.5382 acres. The building’s steel frame is set in a concrete foundation. The exterior is painted concrete, housed under a flat roof, which is a modified bitumen, built-up roofing system. The Port Saint Lucie Property is considered to be in fair to good overall condition.
The building was constructed in 2002 and acquired by our Holmwood in January 2013. The Port Saint Lucie Property is leased to the United States, 100% occupied by the DEA as a regional field office and is administered for the tenant by the GSA. The Port Saint Lucie Property lease commenced in June 2012 with an expiration date of May 31, 2027, with the tenant having the right to terminate after May 31, 2022 (15-year lease; 10-year firm).
The
annual rent for the Port Saint Lucie Property is $604,273. The Port Saint Lucie Property is encumbered by a $10,700,000
loan from Starwood Mortgage Capital, LLC, or Starwood, which is cross-collateralized with the Jonesboro and Lorain Properties
and which we will assume in connection with the contribution transactions. See “- Description of Indebtedness
– Starwood Loan.”
Jonesboro Property
The Social Security Administration, or SSA, is currently occupying 100% of this 16,439 square foot building at 1809 LaTourette Drive, Jonesboro, Arkansas 72404, or the Jonesboro Property. The building is a LEED, Silver, single-story, steel-framed structure constructed on 3.36 acres. The Jonesboro Property’s 94-space parking lot provides customers and stakeholders easy access to the facility. Concrete sidewalks are located around the building’s perimeters and at its entrances. The building is landscaped along its perimeter. The building’s steel frame is set in a concrete foundation. The exterior is enveloped in a brick veneer, with CMU wainscot. The doors are double-glazed aluminum framed, and the windows are fixed. The building has a pitched, standing seam metal roof. The Jonesboro Property is located approximately 130 miles from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Jonesboro Property is considered to be in excellent condition. The Property was originally constructed in 2011 and acquired by our Holmwood in May 2012.
The
lease began on January 12, 2012 and has an expiration date of January 11, 2027, with the tenant having the right to terminate
after January 11, 2022 (15-year lease, 10 years firm). The building is 100% occupied by the SSA and administered by the GSA. The
annual rent for the Jonesboro Property is $616,569. The Jonesboro Property is encumbered by a $10,700,000 loan from
Starwood Mortgage Capital, LLC, or Starwood, which is cross-collateralized with the Port Saint Lucie and Lorain Properties and
which we will assume in connection with the contribution transactions. See “- Description of Indebtedness
– Starwood Loan.”
Lorain Property
The SSA is currently occupying 100% of this 11,607 rentable square foot building, with a 45-space parking lot, located at 221 West 5th Street, Lorain, Ohio 44052, or the Lorain Property. The building is a single-story, of steel-framed construction on 0.688 acres. Concrete sidewalks and landscaping encircle the building’s perimeter. The interior consists of painted drywall in certain of the public rooms and tenant areas, and vinyl wall coverings in the remainder of the public rooms. The flooring is primarily carpeting with tile in the bathrooms and vestibules. The doors are stained solid wood and metal frames. The building’s steel frame is set in a concrete foundation. The structure is enveloped in a brick veneer, with stone cast accents. The doors are double-glazed aluminum framed doors and the windows are fixed in place. This one-story, steel-framed, LEED-Silver building sits on 0.688 acres of land. The flat roof is fully-adhered, single ply TPO membrane flashed under pre-finished metal coping. It was constructed in 2011 and acquired by Holmwood in September 2011.
The
SSA lease commenced on April 1, 2011 and has an expiration date of March31, 2024, with the tenant having the right to terminate
after March31, 2012 (13-year lease; 10-years firm). The Lorain Property is convenient to public transportation and is located
in the Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor Metropolitan Statistical Area, approximately 30 miles from the Cleveland central business district.
The Lorain Property is considered to be in excellent condition. The annual rent for the Lorain Property is $437,436. The
Port Saint Lucie Property is encumbered by a $10,700,000 loan from Starwood Mortgage Capital, LLC, or Starwood, which is cross-collateralized
with the Jonesboro and Port Saint Lucie Properties and which we will assume in connection with the contribution transactions. See
“- Description of Indebtedness – Starwood Loan.”
Port Canaveral Property
U.S Customs and Border Protection, or CBP, is currently occupying 100% of this 14,704 square foot building with a 95-space parking lot, located at 200 George King Boulevard, Cape Canaveral, Florida 32920, or the Port Canaveral Property. The building is a single-story, steel-framed structure on 1.59 acres, which is ground leased from The Canaveral Port Authority until December 7, 2045; however, our Holmwood has an option to extend the ground lease for another 10 years, until December 7, 2055. There are lawns, floral plantings, trees and shrubs along the perimeter of the building. The interior public areas consist of the front lobby and either solid wood or painted metal doors. The building’s steel frame is set in concrete footings. The building is enveloped in a pre-finished, stay-in- place, concrete wall forming system, with rigid polymer forms that create durable pre-finished exterior walls. The pitched roof is constructed of metal paneling. The building was originally constructed in 2012 and acquired by Holmwood in April 2015.
The Port Canaveral Property is encumbered by the $7,600,000 loan from Park Sterling Bank, or Park Sterling, which is cross-collateralized with the Johnson City Property. The CBP lease commenced on July 16, 2012 and has an expiration date of July 15, 2027, with the tenant having the right to terminate after July 15, 2022 (15-year lease; 10 years firm). The Port Canaveral Property is considered to be in good overall condition. The annual rent for the Port Canaveral Property is $645,805.
An
environmental site assessment performed on the Port Canaveral Property revealed chlorinated solvent contamination in the soil,
groundwater, and in the surrounding area, including the subject property, in 1995, which is related to a former sump. The responsible
party was identified as the Canaveral Port Authority. Several site assessments, groundwater monitoring events, remedial action
plans and risk assessments have been performed at the site since the contamination was first identified. For more information
on this, see “Risk Factors.” The Port Canaveral Property is encumbered by a $7,600,000 loan from Park Sterling,
which is cross-collateralized with the Johnson City Property. We will assume the Park Sterling Loan at the closing
of the contribution transactions. See “- Description of Indebtedness – Park Sterling Loan.”
Johnson City Property
The Federal Bureau of Investigation, or FBI, is currently occupying 100% of this 10,115 square foot building, located at 2620 Knob Creek Road, Johnson City, Tennessee 37604, or the Johnson City Property. The building is a single-story, steel-framed building on 2.59 acres, with a 51-space asphalt-paved parking lot. The building flatwork and pedestrian walkways consist of poured-in-place concrete. Landscaped areas are located along the perimeters of the building. The public common area has a front lobby. The structure is steel framed with CONFORM, stay-in-place concrete walls, on a concrete footing foundation. The building is enveloped in painted concrete masonry. The building was originally constructed in 2012, and the Johnson City Property was acquired by Holmwood in 2014. The Property is considered to be in good overall condition.
The
Johnson City Property is used by the FBI as a regional field office. The Johnson
City Property lease commenced on August 21, 2012, has an expiration date of August 20, 2027, with the tenant having the right
to terminate after August 20, 2022 (15-year lease, 10 years firm). The annual rent for the Johnson City Property is $392,077. The
Johnson City Property is encumbered by a $7,600,000 loan from Park Sterling, which is cross-collateralized with the Port Canaveral
Property. We will assume the Park Sterling Loan at the closing of the contribution transactions. See “-
Description of Indebtedness – Park Sterling Loan.”
Fort Smith Property
The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, or CIS, is the occupant of this 13,848 square foot building, with 51 parking spaces, located at 4624 Kelley Highway, Ft. Smith, Arkansas 72904, or the Fort Smith Property. This single-story structure is steel-framed, on 1.62 acres. Holmwood acquired the Fort Smith Property in December 2014. Building entrance flatwork and pedestrian walkways consist of poured concrete. Lawns, trees and shrubs are provided along the perimeter of the building. The interior walls are painted gypsum board. The interior doors are typically stained, solid-core wood set in painted metal frames. The building is steel-framed and enveloped in CMU masonry walls, set on a concrete slab-on-grade foundation. The façade is painted cement stucco. The original building was constructed in 1979, with an addition and renovation in 2014. The Fort Smith Property is considered to be in good overall condition.
The
lease with CIS began on October 31, 2014 and has an expiration date of October 30, 2029 (15-year). The annual rent for the Fort
Smith Property is $419,626. The Fort Smith Property is encumbered by a $2,450,000 loan from CorAmerica Loan Company,
LLC, or CorAmerica, and is cross-collateralized with the Lakewood Property, the Lawton Property and the Moore Property. We
will assume the CorAmerica Loan related to the Fort Smith Property at the closing of the contribution transactions. See
“- Description of Indebtedness – CorAmerica Loans.”
Silt Property
The United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management, or BLM, Colorado River Valley Field Office is located at 2300 River Frontage Road in Silt, Colorado. The single-story facility was constructed in 2009 and contains 18,813 square feet, of which 13,884 square feet is office space, 3,920 square feet are warehouse, and 1,009 square feet are common area. The structure is composed of concrete masonry unit load bearing walls, with structural steel interiors and wood-framing at the roofs. The roof is a flat, single-ply thermoplastic membrane roofing, and pitched roof with asphalt shingles. The façade is painted cement stucco and cultured stone veneer. The facility situated on a 3.508-acre lot. The Silt Property also includes 126 parking spaces and is the field office for BLM’s management of approximately 566,000 acres of BLM-administered public lands. The Silt Property is considered to be in fair to good overall condition.
The
lease for the Silt Property, the term of which commenced October 1, 2009, and expires on September 30, 2029, can be terminated
any time after September 30, 2024 (20-year lease, 15 years firm). Tenant is responsible for utilities, taxes and operating costs
over a base cost per sq. ft. of $2.14. The annual rent for the Silt Property is $385,028. The Silt property is encumbered
by a $3,080,000 loan from NBC Bank, which we will assume at the closing of the contribution transactions. See “-
Description of Indebtedness – NBC Bank Loan.”
Owned Properties
Lakewood Property
The United States Department of Transportation occupies 100% of this 19,241 square foot property (two buildings totaling 21,022 gross square feet; 19,709 sq. ft. office/warehouse building and a 1,313 sq. ft. storage building) at 12305 West Dakota Avenue, Lakewood, Colorado 80228, or the Lakewood Property. The primary structure is a single-story, steel-framed structure with loft areas and includes a storage building, all located on 3.836 acres. The Lakewood Property’s 38-space concrete parking lot has the capacity for 10 truck/trailers. Building entrance flatwork and pedestrian walkways consist of cast-in-place concrete construction. Lawns, floral plantings, trees and shrubs adorn the perimeter of the building and parcel. The office/warehouse building is constructed with an entryway, warehouse, service bay, shop, bathrooms, shower rooms and corridors. An office area is located within the southern-most portion of the building. Walls typically are gypsum board or exposed and painted structural elements. Interior doors include conventional, stained solid-core wood doors set in steel frames. The building’s steel frame and concrete masonry unit superstructure is set in a concrete slab-on-grade foundation, enveloped in a brick exterior, and the roof is a pitched, standing-seam metal roofing system. The building was originally constructed in 2004. The property is considered to be in good condition.
The
DOT lease commenced on June 21, 2004, for a 20-year firm term that expires June 20, 2024 (20-year lease). The annual rent for
the Lakewood Property is $459,662. The Lakewood Property is encumbered by a $2,400,000 loan from CorAmerica and is
cross-collateralized with the Lawton Property, the Moore Property and the Ft. Smith Property. See “- Description
of Indebtedness – CorAmerica Loans.”
Lawton Property
SSA occupies 100% of the 9,298 square foot building at 1610 SW Lee Boulevard, Lawton, OK 73501, or the Lawton Property. Lawton is approximately 87 miles from Oklahoma City. The building is a steel-framed single-story structure on 1.2856 acres and includes a 48-space concrete-paved parking lot on-site. Building entrance flatwork and pedestrian walkways consist of poured-in-place concrete construction. The perimeter of the building is landscaped with lawns, floral plantings, trees and shrubs. The building’s public lobby includes waiting areas for the public, a security desk and small desk areas mounted below service windows. The lobby includes men’s and women’s restrooms. The interior finishes of the lobby include ceramic tile flooring, suspended ceilings with acoustical 2x4 lay-in tiles in the lobby and gypsum wall board in the restrooms and vinyl wall coverings. The building is steel–framed and enveloped in both a brick masonry veneer and metal siding, on top of a concrete slab-on-grade foundation. The building was originally constructed in 2000. The Lawton Property is considered to be in good condition.
The lease for the Lawton Property was amended on May 1, 2014, to provide for another 10-year term, with five years being firm, on May 1, 2014, with the new term commencing upon completion and acceptance of certain improvements previously requested by SSA at the property, including reconfiguration to allow for SSA’s Office of Disability Adjudication and Review, or ODAR, to use the property for hearings and staff. The new lease term commenced as of August 17, 2015, with the lease expiring on August 16, 2025 (10-year lease, 5 years firm). The annual rent for the Lawton Property is $191,177.
The
Lawton Property is encumbered by a $1,485,000 loan from CorAmerica and is cross-collateralized with the Lakewood Property, the
Moore Property and the Ft. Smith Property. See “- Description of Indebtedness – CorAmerica
Loans.”
Moore Property
SSA occupies 100% of the 17,058 square foot building at 200 NE 27th Street, Moore, OK 73160 or the Moore Property. The building is steel-framed, single-story construction on 2.19 acres. The Moore Property is approximately 10 miles from downtown Oklahoma City, and has a 94-space both asphalt and concrete paved portions of its parking lot. The building entrance flatwork and pedestrian walkways consist of poured-in-place concrete. Lawns, floral plantings, trees and shrubs adorn the perimeter of the building and parcel. The building’s public areas include a large public lobby that includes waiting areas, a security desk and small desk areas below service windows. Men’s and women’s restrooms service the lobby. The building’s steel frame is set in a concrete slab-on-grade foundation, and wrapped in a brick masonry veneer, concrete tilt-up panels, and painted sheet metal. The Moore Property was originally built in 1999, with an addition in 2012. The flat roof is constructed of modified bitumen, built-up roofing system. The Moore Property is considered to be in good overall condition.
The
lease began on April 10, 2012, with an expiration date of April 9, 2027, with the tenant having the right to terminate on April
9, 2022 (15-year lease, 10 years firm). The annual rent for the Moore Property is $523,812. The Moore Property is encumbered
by a $3,300,000 loan from CorAmerica and is cross-collateralized with the Lawton Property, the Lakewood Property and the Ft. Smith
Property. See “- Description of Indebtedness – CorAmerica Loans.”
Description of Indebtedness
Starwood Loan
The Port Saint Lucie, Jonesboro, and Lorain Properties, or the Starwood Properties, all secure and cross collateralize the Starwood Loan, made by Starwood Mortgage Capital, LLC in connection with Holmwood’s refinancing of debt incurred in connection with the acquisition of such properties, and which is now serviced by Wells Fargo. The Starwood Loan was originally made in the amount of $10,700,000 and is a generally nonrecourse loan, subject to standard recourse carve-outs and environmental indemnities. The Starwood Loan bears a fixed interest rate of 5.265%, requires monthly blended payments of principal and interest, and all outstanding principal and interest is due at maturity on August 6, 2023. The Starwood Loan contains customary events of default and restrictions upon the transfer of direct or indirect interests in the Port Saint Lucie, Jonesboro and Lorain Properties.
Defeasance of the Starwood Loan is generally permitted subject to compliance with certain conditions set forth in the Starwood Loan Documents. Any prepayment will require the borrowers to deposit with Wells Fargo an amount equal to that which is sufficient to purchase U.S. Treasury Obligations and other government securities (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-2(a)(8)(ii)) that provide for all future payments of monthly interest and outstanding principal, all costs and expenses incurred by Wells Fargo or its agents in connection with such release, including payment of all escrow, closing, recording, legal, appraisal, Rating Agency and other fees, costs and expenses paid or incurred by Wells Fargo resulting from the borrowers exercise of their rights to have the property released according to the defeasance provisions of the Starwood Loan Documents. Notwithstanding the foregoing defeasance requirement, it is anticipated that the borrowers of the Starwood Loan will be permitted to prepay the Starwood Loan within three months of its maturity date on sixty days written notice to Wells Fargo.
Messrs. Kaplan, Kaplan Jr., Stanton and Kurlander have executed a guaranty of the recourse carve-outs and an environmental indemnity in favor of Starwood and its successors.
Park Sterling Loan
The Park Sterling loan was funded on or about March 25, 2015, by Park Sterling Bank, or Park Sterling, as lender, and GOV FBI Johnson City, LLC and GOV CBP Cape Canaveral, LLC, collectively, are the borrowers. The loan from Park Sterling, or the Park Sterling Loan, was in the original principal amount of $7,600,000 and is a recourse loan. The debt service is the greater of either the current interest rate under the note or 5.0%. The promissory note is guaranteed by Holmwood Capital, LLC, Baker Hill Holding, LLC, and Messrs. Kaplan, Kaplan Jr. and Stanton. The Park Sterling Loan is secured by a first priority lien on the properties held by the borrowers. The maturity date for payment of all principal and interest is March 27, 2017. The loan term may be extended an additional twelve months if certain conditions are met, including: all major tenants are in occupancy and paying rent without default on their lease, there has been no event of default by borrowers, the borrowers pay Park Sterling an extension fee of $19,000, the borrowers provide Park Sterling 120 days’ notice, and there has been no material adverse change in the financial condition of the borrowers.
The borrowers under the Park Sterling Loan are obligated to maintain a loan-to-value ratio of no more than 80% and the minimum debt service coverage ratio for the underlying properties is 1.20x. The borrowers have the right to have one of the encumbered properties released from the security instruments if certain conditions are met, including: repayment of outstanding principal, there are no events of default under the financing documents, and the residual debt and collateral after the release would not generate a debt service coverage ratio less than 1.20x or a loan to value ratio greater than 75%. Park Sterling is permitted to sell participations in all or a portion of its rights under the financing documents.
In the event of default, Park Sterling has the right to foreclose on the properties encumbered by the Park Sterling Loan.
CorAmerica Loans
CorAmerica
provided senior, secured financing, aggregating $9,675,000 for the purchase of the Moore Property ( $3,300,000 ),
the Lawton Property ( $1,485,000 ), and the Lakewood Property ( $2,400,000 ) and the refinancing of the Ft. Smith Property
($2.45 Million), which is currently owned by Holmwood and will be contributed to our operating partnership, when the first closing
of the issuance of the shares of our stock occurs. The contribution of the Ft. Smith Property to us by Holmwood will
result in our assumption of the outstanding principal amount of the portion of the CorAmerica loans borrowed by the SPE-owner
of the Ft. Smith Property.
The CorAmerica loans are cross-collateralized, cross-defaulted and are secured by first mortgages on each of such facilities. The loans bear interest at 3.93% per annum, will mature on or about June 1, 2019 and will be payable as to both principal and interest monthly, pursuant to a 25-year amortization schedule with the remaining balance of principal and accrued but unpaid interest becoming due and payable at maturity. The loans are prepayable in whole or in part from time to time without premium or penalty. The loans are guaranteed jointly and severally by Messrs. Stanton, Kaplan Jr., Kaplan and Kurlander.
NBC Bank Loan
The NBC Bank loan agreement was executed on December 9, 2015 between NBC, as lender and GOV Silt, LLC as borrower. The original principal amount of the NBC Bank Loan was $3,080,000 secured by a first priority lien on the property held by the borrower. The NBC Bank Loan is a recourse obligation. The maturity date is March 15, 2017, extendable by the borrower until June 2017 subject to the following conditions: timely written notice of the borrower’s request to extend the maturity date; delivery of a borrower executed certificate renewing all the representations and warranties of the NBC Bank loan agreement as true and correct; there has been no default or event of default; borrower has delivered to NBC an endorsement to the title policy showing the mortgage is free and clear of liens and encumbrances; borrower has delivered a recordable amendment to the mortgage; there has been no material adverse change in the financial or operating condition of the borrower; borrower pays all costs and expenses in connection with the extensions; and the borrower and guarantors execute additional documents as NBC reasonably requires.
The interest rate charged is the greater of 4.0% or the prime rate as quoted by The Wall Street Journal. In the event of default, NBC Bank has the right to foreclose on the Silt Property.
General Provisions in Federal Government Leases
The following is a general description of the type of lease we typically enter into with the federal government negotiated through the GSA, or GSA Leases. The terms and conditions of any actual GSA Lease, or any lease entered into directly with an agency or department of the federal government, may vary from those described below. If we determine that the terms of a GSA Lease at a property, taken as a whole, are favorable to us, we may enter into leases with terms that are substantially different than the terms described below.
In general, GSA Leases are full service modified gross leases, which require us to pay for maintenance, repairs, base property taxes, utilities and insurance. Although the federal government is typically obligated to pay us adjusted rent for changes in certain operating costs (e.g., the costs of cleaning services, supplies, materials, maintenance, trash removal, landscaping, water, sewer charges, heating, electricity, repairs and certain administrative expenses but not including insurance), the amount of any adjustment is based on a cost of living index rather than the actual amount of our costs. As a result, to the extent the amount payable to us based upon the cost of living does not reflect actual changes in our operating costs, our operating results could be adversely affected. Furthermore, the federal government is typically obligated to reimburse us for increases in real property taxes above a base amount if we provide the proper documentation in a timely manner. Notwithstanding federal government reimbursement obligations, we remain primarily responsible for the payment of all such costs and taxes. Unlike most commercial leases which require monthly payments in advance, GSA Leases generally require that rent be paid monthly in arrears.
For any assignment of a GSA Lease to be effective, the consent of the federal government must be obtained. The consent process is time-consuming and will not be finalized until after we have acquired the subject property. However, during this interim period the seller will continue to be paid rent by the federal government. The GSA has not adopted a standard process by which it determines whether to grant its consent to an assignment of a GSA Lease. GSA requires that the sale of the property be consummated prior to the submission of a formal request for its consent. We expect that GSA will require the following items be submitted with a request for its consent to the assignment of a GSA Lease for any acquired properties to us: (1) a recorded copy of the deed as evidence of the transfer of title, (2) a letter from us to GSA acknowledging that we are prepared to assume the GSA Lease, (3) a letter from the seller to GSA waiving all its rights under the GSA Lease, (4) our organizational documents and the organizational documents of the special-purpose entity that will own the subject property, (5) evidence of our good standing, (6) a letter from us to GSA identifying the legal name and address of the payee, (7) a tax identification number for the new payee and (8) a central contractor registration number. After we submit these items, and such other items as GSA may request, we expect that the review process will take from one to three months. If GSA approves our assumption of the GSA Lease, we will enter into a supplemental lease agreement or a novation agreement with GSA and the seller that will formally acknowledge our assumption of the GSA Lease. Once such documentation is finalized, GSA will commence paying rent directly to us.
While management believes it unlikely not to receive such consent, there is no guarantee that GSA will consent to our assumption of a GSA Lease for an acquired property. During the interim period after we acquire a property and prior to the execution of a supplemental lease agreement or novation agreement (and in the event that the GSA does not grant its consent and the assignment of such lease), the seller will remain responsible to GSA to operate and manage the subject property in accordance with the terms of the GSA Lease and will continue to receive rent from GSA which it is contractually obligated to remit to us. Notwithstanding, a seller’s obligation in this regard, we will be performing those management services.
Our GSA Leases typically have an initial term of 10 to 20 years. Our GSA Leases generally do not contain provisions for the extension of the lease term.
Most of our GSA Leases include a provision which allows the federal government to terminate at will by providing written notice to us after an initial guaranteed term. This notice period generally varies from 60 to 180 days. Some GSA Leases provide that, following the initial guaranteed term, rent will be paid at a reduced rate.
Our GSA Leases generally require our written consent for assignment (which may not be unreasonably withheld) by the federal government, however, it may typically substitute a different federal agency or department as an occupant under our GSA Leases without seeking our consent. An assignment would relieve the federal government of any future obligations under the GSA Lease but assignment would not relieve the federal government from any unpaid rent or other liability to us existing before the assignment. Our GSA Leases generally allow the federal government to sublet all or part of a property without our consent, but such sublet would not relieve the federal government from any obligations under the GSA Lease.
Maintenance and Alteration
We are generally responsible for all maintenance of properties under our GSA Leases, including maintenance of all equipment, fixtures and appurtenances to such properties. We are generally responsible for all utilities in order to make our properties suitable for use and capable of supplying heat, light, air conditioning, ventilation and access without interruption. Use of heat, ventilation and air conditioning beyond normal working hours is generally paid for by the federal government, except for certain GSA Leases that require that we provide certain portions of the building with heating, ventilation and air conditioning services 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Our failure to maintain our properties or provide adequate utilities, service or repair can result in the federal government deducting the costs of such maintenance, utility, service or repair from its rent payment to us. The federal government generally retains the right to make alterations to our properties at its own expense. The federal government also retains the right to add and remove fixtures to the premises without relinquishing ownership of such fixtures.
Damage, Destruction or Condemnation
Complete destruction of, or significant damage to, a property under a GSA Lease generally results in the immediate termination of the lease. Partial destruction or damage, such that the property is unable to be occupied by a tenant, generally grants the federal government the option to terminate the lease by giving notice to us within 15 days following the partial destruction or damage. If the lease is so terminated, no rent accrues after the date of such destruction or damage.
Certain Government Standards
Each GSA Lease requires that we maintain certain standards set by the federal government. For instance, our GSA Leases generally require that we certify that our procurement activities do not violate any prohibitions against improper third-party benefits resulting from our procurement of a federal government contract. In addition, the GSA Leases contain provisions which require that we maintain certain labor and equal opportunity standards in relation to our subcontractors. When selecting subcontractors, the GSA Leases require that we make a good faith effort to select subcontractors that are small businesses, small businesses owned by socially or economically disadvantaged individuals or small businesses owned by women. Failure to comply with these standards could result in termination of a GSA Lease, reduction in rent or liquidated damages outlined in the lease.
Failure by the federal government to pay rent or make other payments required under a GSA Lease on the date such payment is due results in an automatic interest penalty to be paid by the federal government. The interest penalty is calculated as a percentage of the payment due, based on a rate established by the U.S. Department of the Treasury pursuant to the Contracts Dispute Act of 1978. The interest payment accrues daily and is compounded in 30 day increments. There is typically no provision in our GSA Leases permitting us to terminate the lease as a result of non-payment or other actions by the federal government.
Our failure to maintain, repair, operate or service a property under a GSA Lease for 30 days after receipt of notice from the federal government generally results in our default under such lease. In addition, repeated and unexcused failure to maintain, repair, operate or service the property by us will generally result in default. Upon default, the federal government is entitled to terminate the lease and seek damages, which could consist of rent, taxes and operating costs of a substitute property, administrative expenses in procuring a replacement property and such other damages as the lease or applicable law allows.
Unlike most commercial leases, GSA Leases do not include provisions that permit the landlord to evict a federal government that is in default under the lease, including as a result of a holdover. In the event that we seek to evict a federal government occupant that is in default, the federal government occupant could institute condemnation proceedings against us and seek to take our property, or a leasehold interest therein, through its power of eminent domain.
If we have a dispute with the federal government occupant, the dispute is required to be resolved pursuant to the Contract Disputes Act of 1978. A dispute concerning payment must be submitted to the contracting officer authorized to bind the federal government, who will make a determination as to the merits of the dispute and the determination can be appealed to an administrative agency or to a court.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We are a newly organized, externally-managed real estate company formed to grow our business of acquiring, developing, financing, owning and managing properties leased primarily to the United States of America and acting either through the GSA or another federal government agency or department, carried out through Holmwood, our accounting predecessor, and related entities prior to this offering. We invest primarily in GSA Properties across secondary and smaller markets, within size ranges of 5,000-50,000 rentable square feet, and in their first term after construction or retrofit to post-9/11 standards. We further emphasize GSA Properties that fulfill mission critical or direct citizen service functions. We intend to grow our portfolio primarily through acquisitions of federal government-leased properties and by developing build-to-suit federal government-leased properties secured through competitive bidding. We were formed in 2016 as a Maryland corporation and we intend to elect to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2016.
Upon completion of this offering and our formation transactions, we will own 10 properties, all of them leased in their entirety to the U.S. Government and occupied by its tenant agencies. Our initial portfolio consists of 7 properties contributed by Holmwood and 3 properties acquired by our company on June 10, 2016, through subsidiaries, using proceeds from our Series A Preferred Stock Offering, seller financing in the amount of $2,019,789, a loan in the amount of $1,000,000 from Holmwood Capital, LLC, an affiliate, and a bank loan in the amount of $7,225,000. Our objective is to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns for our stockholders over the long term through dividends and capital appreciation.
The term “our predecessor” refers to Holmwood Capital, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries, which hold 100% of the fee interests in the entities that own 7 of the properties, or the property-owning subsidiaries, that will be contributed to us in the formation transactions.
Holmwood has entered into a contribution agreement with us and our operating partnership pursuant to which they will contribute their interests in their seven property-owning subsidiaries to our operating partnership. Holmwood will receive OP Units from our operating partnership in exchange for these contribution and we will assume approximately $24,784,798 in indebtedness assuming a closing in September, 2016 secured by the Contribution Properties, or interests therein.
For the year ended December 31, 2015
During 2015, our predecessor acquired 3 operating properties representing 43,632 square feet for a total cost $13,986,180. In aggregate our predecessor owned 7 properties representing 110,352 square feet located in 5 states. The combined costs totaled $33,362,932 in aggregate. The properties are 100% leased and administered by the General Services Administration of the U.S. Government or occupying agency. In this period, our predecessor, and subsequently we, delivered total revenues from operations of $3,005,533. Operating costs, excluding depreciation and amortization totaled $1,148,086, resulting in net operating income of $1,857,447.
For the year ended December 31, 2014
During 2014, our predecessor acquired 1 operating property representing 13,816 square feet for a total cost of $4,315,460. Holmwood owned 4 properties representing 66,720 square feet located in 3 states. The combined costs totaled $19,044,687. The properties are 100% leased and occupied by the General Services Administration of the U.S. Government. In this period, our predecessor, and subsequently we, delivered total revenues from operations of $1,740,914. Operating costs, excluding depreciation and amortization, totaled $665,328, resulting in net operating income of $1,075,586.
Holmwood’s business model is to drive growth through acquisitions. Access to capital markets is an important factor for our continued success. We expect to continue to issue equity in our company incrementally and proceeds will be use to acquire government-leased properties.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity General. The Company’s demand for funds will be primarily for (i) payment of operating expenses and cash dividends; (ii) Property acquisitions; (iii) origination of mortgages and notes receivable; (iv) capital expenditures; (v) payment of principal and interest on its outstanding indebtedness; and (vi) other investments.
Upon closing of the offering, we expect that the proceeds will pay down debt and improve our capital structure, enabling us to further implement our acquisition strategy, and increase cash flows. We have identified no additional material internal or external sources of liquidity as of the date of this offering.
The
Company has deposits and other related acquisition costs incurred in the amount of $2,195,319 as of May 31, 2016. This
amount is related to its purchase of an initial portfolio of three GSA Properties on June 10, 2016. The properties
were acquired from proceeds from the issuance of the Company’s 7.00% Series A Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, senior
debt financing of $7,225,000 and a $1,000,000 loan from our predecessor company.
The company expects to meet its other short-term liquidity requirements primarily through cash provided from operations. As of May 31, 2015, there was cash on hand of $477,337.
Long Term Liquidity
The company anticipates its long-term capital needs will be funded by cash provided from operations, the issuance of long-term debt or the issuance of common or preferred equity or other instruments convertible into or exchangeable for common or preferred equity. However, there can be no assurance that additional financing or capital will be available, or that the terms will be acceptable or advantageous to the company.
Trend Information
Our company, through our operating partnership is engaged primarily in the acquisition, leasing and disposition of single-tenanted, mission critical or customer facing properties, leased to the United States of America and that are situated in secondary and tertiary markets throughout the country. As full faith and credit obligations of the United States these leases offer risk-adjusted returns which are attractive inasmuch as there continues to be no appreciable yield of comparable credit quality in the marketplace. Conversely, these market dynamics have caused upward pressure on sales prices, offset by management’s deep knowledge and contacts in the sector and the paucity of buyers which will consider smaller properties in smaller markets, frequently enabling our company to lock-up transactions directly with sellers, avoiding brokerage commissions to either party.
To date our company has been capital constrained, which has affected liquidity adversely from an operating perspective and the ability of our company to manage several viable acquisition opportunities at the same time. While there can be no assurance, completion of our offering should enable management to accelerate acquisition plans, provide liquidity to recruit and retain qualified personnel to support growth and enhance purchasing power for goods and services in connection with the operation of our properties, all resulting in more profitable operation of our portfolio.
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND SIGNIFICANT EMPLOYEES
Our Board of Directors
We operate under the direction of our board of directors. Our board of directors is responsible for the management and control of our affairs. Our board of directors has retained our Manager to manage our day-to-day operations and our portfolio of GSA Properties and any other investments, subject to the supervision of our board of directors.
Our directors must perform their duties in good faith and in a manner each director reasonably believes to be in our best interests. Further, our directors must act with such care as an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. However, our directors and executive officers are not required to devote all of their time to our business and must only devote such time to our affairs as their duties may require. We do not expect that our directors will be required to devote a substantial portion of their time to us in discharging their duties.
We currently have four directors. At the initial closing of this offering, Robert R. Kaplan, Jr. will resign as director and the remaining directors will appoint four independent directors to fill the vacancies created by the resignation of Mr. Kaplan, Jr. and the expansion of our board of directors, providing us with a majority of independent directors on our board of directors. Mr. Kaplan, Jr. will be our President following his resignation as director.
We anticipate that William Robert Fields, Leo Kiely, John F. O’Reilly and Scott A. Musil, or our independent director nominees, will be appointed directors as of our initial closing. Our directors will serve until they resign or upon death or removal by a plurality of votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present. At any stockholder meeting, the presence in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting on any matter constitutes a quorum.
Although our board of directors may increase or decrease the number of directors, a decrease may not have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent director; provided further, that any increase or decrease after the initial closing of this offering may not occur if it would result in our board of directors not being comprised of at least a majority of independent directors. Any director may resign at any time or may be removed, and then only by the stockholders upon the affirmative vote of a plurality of all the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present. The notice of any special meeting called to remove a director will indicate that the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting is to determine if the director shall be removed.
A vacancy created by an increase in the number of directors or the death, resignation, or removal of a director may be filled only by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum, and any director elected to fill a vacancy will serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred.
In addition to meetings of the various committees of our board of directors, if any, we expect our directors to hold at least four regular board meetings each year.
Our Executive Officers and Directors
The individuals listed below are our executive officers and directors. The following table and biographical descriptions set forth certain information with respect to the individuals who currently serve as our directors and the executive officers:
Name
|
Position
|
|
Age
|
|
Term of Office
|
|
Hours/Year (for Part-Time Employees)
|
|
Edwin M. Stanton
|
Director and Chief Executive Officer
|
|
|
42 |
|
March 2016
|
|
|
N/A |
|
Robert
R. Kaplan, Jr. 1
|
Director 2
and President
|
|
|
45 |
|
March 2016
|
|
|
N/A |
|
Philip Kurlander
|
Director and Treasurer
|
|
|
51 |
|
March 2016
|
|
|
N/A |
|
Robert
R. Kaplan 1
|
Director and Secretary
|
|
|
68 |
|
March 2016
|
|
|
N/A |
|
Elizabeth Watson
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
|
56 |
|
March 2016
|
|
|
N/A |
|
Scott Musil
|
Independent Director Nominee
|
|
|
48 |
|
TBD |
|
|
N/A |
|
William Robert Fields
|
Independent Director Nominee
|
|
|
66 |
|
TBD |
|
|
N/A |
|
Leo Kiely
|
Independent Director Nominee
|
|
|
69 |
|
TBD |
|
|
N/A |
|
John F. O’Reilly
|
Independent Director Nominee
|
|
|
70 |
|
TBD |
|
|
N/A |
|
1
Robert R. Kaplan is the father of Robert R. Kaplan, Jr.
2
Mr. Kaplan Jr. will resign as a director as of the initial
closing of this offering.
Edwin
M. Stanton, Director, Chief Executive Officer. Prior to founding our company, Mr. Stanton was a founding
Principal of Holmwood Capital, LLC, our predecessor. He has remained a Principal of Holmwood since its inception, in 2010. In
such role and as executive officer of our company, he is directly responsible for the development and implementation of our company’s
corporate, investment and capitalization strategies. Mr. Stanton focuses on building relationships with GSA developers and owners
as well as financial institutions to create acquisition and joint venture opportunities. Prior to Holmwood Capital’s formation,
Mr. Stanton was a founding Principal of U.S. Federal Properties Trust, where he was responsible for all property acquisitions.
He directly sourced and negotiated over $250,000,000 of federal government-leased assets. Prior to forming US Federal Properties
Trust, Mr. Stanton co-founded SRS Investments, a private equity real estate investment firm where he was involved in all aspects
of our company and was responsible for the acquisition, financing, and management of investment properties. Over the course of
his career, Mr. Stanton has participated in the acquisition and/or financing of over $800,000,000 of commercial real estate. Mr.
Stanton holds a BA degree from Rollins College and an MBA degree from Georgetown University.
Robert R. Kaplan, Jr., Director and President. Prior to founding our company, Mr. Kaplan, Jr. was a founding Principal of Holmwood Capital, LLC, our predecessor. He has remained a Principal of Holmwood since its inception, in 2010. In such role and as executive officer of our company, he is directly responsible for structuring our company’s investment offerings and property and corporate legal matters. For almost 20 years, Mr. Kaplan Jr.’s legal expertise has focused on real estate securities and finance, real estate transactions, mergers and acquisitions, general corporate law, securities compliance, private offerings, tax, and strategic partnerships/joint-ventures. Mr. Kaplan, Jr. is a founder and Managing Partner of Kaplan Voekler Cunningham & Frank, PLC, a Richmond, VA, headquartered law firm that practices in the areas of development and real estate investment, capital markets, litigation, and business representation. Mr. Kaplan, Jr. has been the primary counsel in over $2 billion in securities offerings and real estate financings. Mr. Kaplan, Jr. holds AB and JD degrees from the College of William & Mary.
Philip Kurlander, MD, Director and Treasurer. Prior to founding our company, Mr. Kurlander was a Principal of Holmwood Capital, LLC, our predecessor. He joined Holmwood in 2012, and he remains a Principal of Holmwood today. In such role and as executive officer of our company, he is responsible for the oversight of financial and accounting matters. Prior to joining Holmwood, and in addition to being a practicing anesthesiologist, Dr. Kurlander has been a serial entrepreneur for the past 20 years having served critical roles in numerous start-up ventures and early-growth companies across a spectrum of industries from real estate to manufacturing. In addition to Dr. Kurlander’s involvement in HC Government Realty Trust, Inc., he currently has investments in, and sits on the boards of: Addison McKee, ShelterLogic, and North American Propane, Inc. ShelterLogic and North American Propane were sold in 2012, resulting in substantial gains for their respective investors. Dr. Kurlander also is a director and founder of a food service industry start-up. He sits on the advisory boards of a mezzanine lender and a private equity firm. Dr. Kurlander holds a BS degree from SUNY Albany and an MD degree from Albany Medical College.
Robert
R. Kaplan, Director and Secretary. Prior to founding our company, Mr. Kaplan was a founding Principal of Holmwood
Capital, LLC, our predecessor. He has remained a Principal of Holmwood since its inception, in 2010. In such role and as executive
officer of our company, he is directly responsible for capital formation and structuring and corporate legal matters. Mr. Kaplan
has over 40 years of experience as an attorney, investment banker, and entrepreneur and is a member of Kaplan Voekler Cunningham
& Frank, PLC. Prior to, he was a co-founder of Carter Kaplan, an investment bank now part of RBC Wealth Management. He
also co-founded Columbia Naples Capital, a leveraged buy-out sponsor that made over $25,000,000 in equity investments,
and North American Propane, Inc., an operating business in the New England and Mid-Atlantic energy markets that was sold in 2012
to a large industry participant. Mr. Kaplan holds AB and JD degrees from the College of William & Mary.
Elizabeth Watson, CPA, Chief Financial Officer. Prior to joining our company, Mrs. Watson was the Chief Financial Officer for Holmwood Capital, LLC, our predecessor, beginning in January 2016. She remains Chief Financial Officer for Holmwood and is a principal of our Manager. In such role and as executive officer of our company, she is directly responsible for the oversight and management of our company’s accounting, financial reporting and portfolio investment performance. Mrs. Watson brings over 35 years of financial and operations management experience from both domestic and international arenas. She has structured more than $2 billion of debt and $1.4 billion of equity from U.S., European and Middle Eastern markets. Prior to joining Holmwood Capital, Mrs. Watson was a key principal/executive and Chief Financial Officer of 4 successive private equity funds investing in government leased real estate, spanning a period of more than 20 years. She has executed multiple exit strategies including an IPO, merger and sale of assets, yielding investors high risk-adjusted returns. Prior to this, Mrs. Watson held positions with Legg Mason Wood Walker, Prime Retail, The Rouse Company and Arthur Andersen & Co. Mrs. Watson holds a B.S., Accounting and MBA degrees from University of Maryland, a MS, Real Estate degree from Johns Hopkins University and a IEMBA degree and Certificate in Financial Planning from Georgetown University. Ms. Watson is a licensed CPA.
Scott A. Musil, Independent Director Nominee. Mr. Musil has been Chief Financial Officer of First Industrial Realty Trust, Inc., an NYSE-traded REIT (FR) since March 2011. He served as acting Chief Financial Officer of First Industrial from December 2008 to March 2011. Mr. Musil has also served as Senior Vice President of the First Industrial since March 2001, Treasurer of First Industrial since May 2002 and Assistant Secretary of First Industrial since August 2014. Mr. Musil previously served as Controller of First Industrial from December 1995 to March 2012, Assistant Secretary of First Industrial from May 1996 to March 2012 and July 2012 to May 2014, Vice President of First Industrial from May 1998 to March 2001, Chief Accounting Officer of First Industrial from March 2006 to May 2013 and Secretary from March 2012 to July 2012 and May 2014 to August 2014. Prior to joining First Industrial, he served in various capacities with Arthur Andersen & Company, culminating as an audit manager specializing in the real estate and finance industries. Mr. Musil is a non-practicing certified public accountant. His professional affiliations include the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and NAREIT.
William Robert Fields, Independent Director Nominee. Mr. Fields served as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Factory 2-U Stores Inc., from November 2002 to 2003. Mr. Fields has over 30 years of retail and consumer goods industry experience with Graphic Packaging, with approximately 20 of those years at the executive level. He has also provided planning and oversight for various operational support divisions, including marketing and human relations. Mr. Fields served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of APEC (China) Asset Management Ltd. from 1999 to October 2002. He served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Hudson's Bay Company from 1997 to 1999 and as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Blockbuster Entertainment Group, a division of Viacom Inc., from 1996 to 1997.
Mr. Fields held numerous positions with Wal-Mart Stores Inc., which he joined in 1971. He left Wal-Mart in March 1996 as President and Chief Executive Officer of Wal-Mart Stores Division, and Executive Vice President of Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Mr. Fields held various senior executive positions within the organization, including Assistant to Wal-Mart Founder, Sam Walton; Senior Vice President of Distribution and Transportation; and Executive Vice President of Wal-Mart, Inc.
Mr. Fields currently serves as Chairman of Intersource Co. Ltd. He also currently serves as a director of Lexmark International Inc., Graphic Packaging Corp, The ADX Company CreditMinders.com, Aegis Capital Advisors LLC, Hot-Can plc, Bonus Stores Inc., The University of Texas Pan-American Foundation, The Joint Corp., Cortiva Group, Inc., and SupplyScience, Inc. He also serves as a member of the advisory board of Celeritas Management Inc. and EON Reality, Inc. Mr. Fields has bachelor's degree in Economics and Business from the University of Arkansas.
Leo Kiely, Independent Director Nominee. Mr. Kiely retired as Chief Executive Officer of MillerCoors LLC, a joint venture combining the U.S. and Puerto Rico operations of SABMiller plc and Molson Coors Brewing Company, in July 2011, a position he had held since July 2009. From February 2005 through July 2009, Mr. Kiely served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Molson Coors Brewing Company. From March 1993 to March 2005 he held a variety of executive positions at Coors Brewing Company, including Chief Executive Officer. Before joining Coors Brewing Company, he held executive positions with Frito-Lay, Inc., a subsidiary of PepsiCo Inc., and Ventura Coastal Corporation, a division of Seven Up Inc. He serves as a director of The Denver Center for the Performing Arts and the Helen G. Bonfils Foundation. He previously served as a director of Medpro Safety Products, Inc. from 2009 to March 2014. He graduated from Harvard University and has a MBA from the Wharton School.
John F. O’Reilly, Independent Director Nominee. John F. O’Reilly is Chairman/CEO of the full service law firm, O’Reilly Law Group. Mr. O’Reilly’s over 40 years of experience as an attorney includes a broad range of businesses, business transactions and business litigation including numerous multi-million dollar lawsuits. His accounting and business background are an asset to litigation clients as well as in business transactions and in resolving business issues.
In addition, Mr. O’Reilly’s experience with the public accounting firm of Ernst & Young, as Chairman of the Nevada Gaming Commission, as Chairman/CEO of a New York Stock Exchange company and as a member of numerous boards of directors uniquely qualifies Mr. O’Reilly to address the multitude of legal issues that arise in the business world.
Our general investment and borrowing policies are set forth in this offering circular. Our directors may establish further written policies on investments and borrowings and will monitor our administrative procedures, investment operations and performance to ensure that our executive officers and Manager follow these policies and that these policies continue to be in the best interests of our stockholders. Unless modified by our directors, we will follow the policies on investments and borrowings set forth in this offering circular.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our board of directors may establish committees it deems appropriate to address specific areas in more depth than may be possible at a full board meeting. We currently do not anticipate having any committees since the board of directors has appointed our Manager to manage our day-to-day affairs.
Limited Liability and Indemnification of Directors, Officers, Employees and Other Agents
Our charter limits the personal liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for monetary damages and our charter authorizes us to obligate ourselves to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors, our officers, and our Manager, except to the extent prohibited by the Maryland General Corporation Law, or MGCL, and as set forth below. In addition, our bylaws require us to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors and our officers, and permit us, with the approval of our board of directors, to indemnify and advance expenses to our Manager, except to the extent prohibited by the MGCL.
Under the MGCL, a Maryland corporation may limit in its charter the liability of directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages unless such liability results from actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is material to the cause of action.
In addition, the MGCL requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity and allows directors and officers to be indemnified against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements, and expenses actually incurred in a proceeding unless the following can be established:
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the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding, and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty;
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the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or
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with respect to any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe his or her act or omission was unlawful.
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However, under the MGCL, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that a personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification and then only for expenses.
Finally, the MGCL permits a Maryland corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.
To the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, our charter limits the liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for monetary damages and our charter authorizes us to obligate ourselves to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to our directors, our officers, and our Manager (including any director or officer who is or was serving at the request of our company as a director, officer, partner, member, manager or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise). In addition, our bylaws require us to indemnify and advance expenses to our directors and our officers, and permit us, with the approval of our board of directors, to provide such indemnification and advance of expenses to any individual who served a predecessor of us in any of the capacities described above and to any employee or agent of us, including our Manager, or a predecessor of us.
However, the SEC takes the position that indemnification against liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and unenforceable.
We intend to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of all of our directors and executive officers against liability asserted against or incurred by them in their official capacities with us, whether or not we are required or have the power to indemnify them against the same liability.
Upon
completion of this offering we expect to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and each member of our
senior management team that provide for indemnification to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. See “INTEREST OF
MANAGEMENT AND OTHERS IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS – Indemnification Agreements.”
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Director Compensation
We will make an initial grant of 4,000 restricted shares of our common stock to each of our independent directors. We anticipate granting each of our independent directors additional restricted shares of our common stock, in amounts to be determined by our board of directors, upon each re-election to our board of directors of an independent director. In addition, we will pay our independent directors $1,500 in cash per in-person board meeting attended, and $250 in cash for each teleconference meeting of the board or any committee. All directors will receive reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meetings of the board of directors.
Executive Officer Compensation
We will not pay compensation to our executive officers. We will not reimburse our Manager for compensation paid to its executive officers.
HC Government Realty Trust 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan
We intend to adopt the HC Government Realty Trust 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan prior to the completion of this offering. The purpose of our long term incentive plan is to provide us and our Manager with the flexibility to use equity-based awards as part of an overall compensation package to provide a means of performance-based compensation to attract and retain qualified personnel. We believe that awards under our long term incentive plan will serve to broaden the equity participation of employees, officers, directors and consultants, and further align the long-term interests of such individuals and our stockholders.
Our long term incentive plan will be administered by our board of directors, or a committee designated by our board for such purpose, or our plan administrator.
Our plan administrator will have the full authority to administer and interpret our long term incentive plan, to authorize the granting of awards, to determine the eligibility of an employee, officer, director or consultant to receive an award, to determine the number of shares of common stock to be covered by each award, to determine the terms, provisions and conditions of each award (which may not be inconsistent with the terms of our long term incentive plan), to prescribe the form of agreements evidencing awards and to take any other actions and make all other determinations that it deems necessary or appropriate in connection with our long term incentive plan or the administration or interpretation thereof. In connection with this authority, our plan administrator may establish performance goals that must be met in order for awards to be granted or to vest, or for the restrictions on any such awards to lapse.
Eligibility and Types of Awards
Individual and entity employees, officers, directors and consultants, of us, our Manager, our subsidiaries or our operating partnership, or subsidiaries of our Manager are eligible to be granted stock options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights and other equity-based awards (including LTIP units and RSUs) or cash-incentive awards under our long term incentive plan. Eligibility for awards under our long term incentive plan will be determined by our plan administrator.
Subject to adjustment upon certain corporate transactions or events, a maximum of _________ shares of our common stock may be issued in connection with awards under our long term incentive plan. Our board of directors will adjust the number of shares of our common stock that may be issued under our long-term incentive plan, and the terms of outstanding awards, as required to uniformly and equitably reflect the impact of stock dividends, stock splits, recapitalizations and similar changes in our capitalization.
Any shares of our common stock surrendered by plan participants or retained by us in connection with the payment of an option exercise price or in connection with tax withholding will not count towards the share authorization under our long term incentive plan and will be available for issuance of additional awards under our long term incentive plan. If an award granted under our long term incentive plan is forfeited, cancelled or settled in cash, the related shares will again become available for the issuance of additional awards. Other equity-based awards that are LTIP units will reduce the number of shares of our common stock that may be issued under our long term incentive plan on a one-for-one basis, i.e., each such unit will be treated as an award of a share of common stock. Unless previously terminated by our board of directors, no award may be granted upon or after the tenth anniversary of the closing of this offering.
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Stock Options. Stock options are rights to purchase a stated number of shares of our common stock at the exercise price and in accordance with the terms set forth in the agreement reflecting the grant of such option. The terms of specific options, including whether options will constitute “incentive stock options” for purposes of Section 422(b) of the Internal Revenue Code, will be determined by our plan administrator. The exercise price of an option will be determined by our plan administrator and reflected in the applicable award agreement, but may not be lower than 100% (110% in the case of an incentive stock option granted to a 10% stockholder) of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. Each option will be exercisable during the period or periods specified in the award agreement, which cannot exceed 10 years from the date of grant (or five years from the date of grant in the case of an incentive stock option granted to a 10% stockholder). Options will be exercisable at such times and subject to such terms as determined by our plan administrator, but in all cases will be subject to our stock ownership limits as provided under our charter.
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Restricted Stock. Restricted stock awards are grants of our common stock that may be subject to transfer restrictions and vesting conditions. The transfer restrictions and vesting requirements, if any, will be prescribed by our plan administrator. For example, the transfer restrictions and the vesting conditions may require that the participant complete a specified period of employment or service or that we achieve specified financial performance goals. A participant generally will have the right to vote the shares of restricted stock and the right to receive dividends on the restricted stock. Our plan administrator may provide in the applicable award agreement that dividends paid on the shares of restricted stock will be subject to the same restrictions as the shares of restricted stock.
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Stock Appreciation Rights. Stock appreciation rights are rights to receive a payment in cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and common stock, upon the exercise of the stock appreciation right. The amount of the payment upon the exercise of a stock appreciation right cannot be greater than the excess of the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the date of exercise over the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the date of the grant of the stock appreciation right. The manner in which our obligation will be paid will be determined by our plan administrator. The terms and conditions of each stock appreciation right will be prescribed by our plan administrator but the term cannot exceed ten years.
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Other Equity-Based Awards. Our long term incentive plan authorizes the granting of other equity-based awards,i.e., awards other than stock options, restricted stock or stock appreciation rights. Other equity-based awards entitle the participant to receive our common stock, or rights or units valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, our common stock, or other equity interests, including RSUs and LTIP units, subject to terms and conditions established at the time of grant.
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Restricted stock units, or RSUs, are contractual promises to deliver shares of our common stock in the future. RSUs may remain forfeitable unless and until specified conditions are met as determined by our plan administrator and set forth in the applicable award agreement. RSUs will receive quarterly dividends in parity with shares of our common stock unless otherwise specified in the award agreement.
Long term incentive plan units, or LTIP units, are a special class of partnership interests in our operating partnership. Each LTIP unit awarded will be deemed equivalent to an award of one share of common stock under our long term incentive plan, reducing availability for other equity awards on a one-for-one basis. We will not receive a tax deduction for the value of any LTIP units granted to our employees. The vesting period for any LTIP units, if any, will be determined at the time of issuance. LTIP units, whether vested or not, will receive the same quarterly per unit distributions as units of our operating partnership, which distribution will generally equal per share dividends on our shares of common stock. This treatment with respect to quarterly distributions is similar to the expected treatment of our restricted stock awards, which may include full dividends whether vested or not. Initially, LTIP units will not have full parity with OP units with respect to liquidating distributions. Under the terms of the LTIP units, our operating partnership will revalue its assets upon the occurrence of certain specified events, and any increase in valuation from the date of grant until such event will be allocated first to the holders of LTIP units to equalize the capital accounts of such holders with the capital account relating to the general partner’s OP units. Upon equalization of the capital accounts of the holders of LTIP units with the general partner’s OP units, the LTIP units will achieve full parity with OP units for all purposes, including with respect to liquidating distributions. If such parity is reached, vested LTIP units may be converted into an equal number of OP units at any time, and thereafter enjoy all the rights of OP units, including redemption rights. However, there are circumstances under which such parity would not be reached. Until and unless such parity is reached, the value that a participant will realize for a given number of vested LTIP units will be less than the value of an equal number of our shares of common stock.
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Cash-Incentive Awards. Cash-incentive awards are rights to receive a payment in cash or shares of our common stock (having a value equivalent to the cash otherwise payable) that is contingent on the achievement of performance objectives established by our plan administrator. The amount payable under a cash-incentive award may be stated on an individual basis or as an allocation of an incentive pool. Our plan administrator will prescribe the terms and conditions of each cash-incentive award.
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Upon a change in control of our company (as defined in our long term incentive plan), our plan administrator may make such adjustments to our long term incentive plan as it, in its discretion, determines are necessary or appropriate in light of the change in control. These actions may include accelerated vesting relating to the exercise or settlement of an award, the purchase or settlement of an award for an amount of cash equal to the amount which could have been obtained had such award been currently exercisable or payable or the assumption of the award by the acquiring or surviving entity.
Amendment and Termination
Our board of directors may amend our long term incentive plan as it deems advisable, except that it may not amend our long term incentive plan without stockholder approval if such amendment (i) increases the total number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance pursuant to awards granted under the plan (other than an increase to reflect a change in our capitalization, etc.), (ii) expands the class of persons eligible to receive awards, (iii) materially increases the benefits accruing to participants under the plan, (iv) re-prices an option or stock appreciation right (other than an adjustment to reflect a change in our capitalization) or (v) otherwise requires stockholder approval under the rules of a domestic exchange on which our common stock is traded. Our board of directors may unilaterally amend our long term incentive plan and awards granted thereunder as it deems appropriate to ensure compliance with Rule 16b-3, if applicable, to conform our long term incentive plan or the award agreement to any present or future law, and to cause incentive stock options to meet the requirements of the Code and regulations under the Code. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, a termination or amendment of our long term incentive plan may not, without the consent of the participant, adversely affect a participant’s rights under an award previously granted to him or her.]
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN SECURITYHOLDERS
The table below sets forth, as of the date of this offering circular, certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our stock for (1) each person who is expected to be the beneficial owner of 10% or more of our outstanding shares of any class of voting stock and (2) each of our directors and named executive officers, if together such group would be expected to be the beneficial owners of 10% or more of our outstanding shares of any class of voting stock. Each person named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to all of the shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by such person.
The SEC has defined “beneficial ownership” of a security to mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of voting power and/or investment power over such security. A stockholder is also deemed to be, as of any date, the beneficial owner of all securities that such stockholder has the right to acquire within 60 days after that date through (1) the exercise of any option, warrant or right, (2) the conversion of a security, (3) the power to revoke a trust, discretionary account or similar arrangement or (4) the automatic termination of a trust, discretionary account or similar arrangement. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, our shares of common stock subject to options or other rights (as set forth above) held by that person that are exercisable as of the completion of this offering or will become exercisable within 60 days thereafter, are deemed outstanding, while such shares are not deemed outstanding for purposes of computing percentage ownership of any other person.
Title of Class
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Name and Address of Beneficial Owner
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Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership
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Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership Acquirable
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Percent of Class
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Common
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Edwin M. Stanton 1
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50,000 Shares
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N/A |
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25 |
% |
Common
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Robert R. Kaplan, Jr. 1
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50,000 Shares
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N/A |
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25 |
% |
Common
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Philip Kurlander 1
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50,000 Shares
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N/A |
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25 |
% |
Common
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Robert R. Kaplan 1
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50,000 Shares
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N/A |
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25 |
% |
1
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The address of each beneficial owner listed is 1819 Main Street, Suite 212, Sarasota, Florida 34236.
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Title
of Class | |
Name
and Address of Beneficial Owner | |
Amount
and Nature of Beneficial Ownership | |
Amount
and Nature of Beneficial Ownership Acquirable | |
| Percent of
Class | |
Series A Preferred Stock | |
All Executive Officers and Directors | |
12,000 Shares | |
N/A | |
| 12.50 | % |
Series A Preferred Stock | |
Gerald Kreinces 191 Fox Lane Northport, NY11763 | |
18,000 Shares | |
N/A | |
| 18.75 | % |
OUR MANAGER AND RELATED AGREEMENTS
Our Manager
We are externally managed and advised by Holmwood Capital Advisors, LLC, or our Manager, pursuant to a Management Agreement. See “— Management Agreement.” Each of our officers and directors are also officers of our Manager. Our Manager is owned by Messrs. Robert R. Kaplan and Robert R. Kaplan Jr., individually, and by Stanton Holdings, LLC, which is controlled by Mr. Edwin M. Stanton,, and by Baker Hill Holding LLC, which is controlled by Philip Kurlander, all in equal proportions. Our Manager is primarily responsible for managing our day-to-day business affairs and assets and carrying out the directives of our board of directors. Our Manager maintains a contractual as opposed to a fiduciary relationship with us. Our Manager will conduct our operations and manage our portfolio of real estate investments. We have no paid employees.
The officers of our Manager are as follow:
Name
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Position
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Edwin M. Stanton
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President
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Robert R. Kaplan, Jr. 3
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Vice President
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Philip Kurlander
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Treasurer
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Robert R. Kaplan 3
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Secretary
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3 Messrs. Robert R. Kaplan and Robert R. Kaplan, Jr. are father and son.
The background and experience of Messrs. Stanton, Kaplan, Jr., Kurlander and Kaplan are described above in “Management — Our Executive Officers and Directors.”
Management Agreement
Upon completion of this offering, we will enter into a Management Agreement with our Manager pursuant to which it will provide for the day-to-day management of our operations. The Management Agreement will require our Manager to manage our business affairs in conformity with the Investment Guidelines and other policies as approved and monitored by our board of directors. Our Manager’s role as Manager will be under the supervision and direction of our board of directors. Our Manager does not currently manage or advise any other entities and is not actively seeking new clients in such a capacity, although it is not prohibited from doing so under the Management Agreement.
Management Services
Our Manager will be responsible for (1) the sourcing and acquisition and sale of our GSA Properties and any other investments, (2) our financing activities, and (3) providing us with advisory services. Our Manager will be responsible for our day-to-day management of our operations and will perform (or will cause to be performed) such services and activities relating to our assets and operations as may be appropriate.
Term and Termination
The
Management Agreement will continue in operation, unless terminated in accordance with the terms hereof for an initial term through
March 31, 2018, or the Initial Term, and then will automatically renew annually. After the Initial Term, the Management Agreement
will be deemed renewed automatically each year for an additional one-year period, or an Automatic Renewal Term, unless our company
or our Manager elects not to renew. Upon the expiration of the Initial Term or any Automatic Renewal Term and upon 180 days’
prior written notice to our Manager, our company may, without cause, but solely in connection with the expiration of the Initial
Term or the then current Automatic Renewal Term, and upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the independent directors,
decline to renew the Management Agreement, any such nonrenewal, a Termination Without Cause. In the event of a Termination Without
Cause, or upon a termination by our Manager if we materially breach the Management Agreement we will be required to pay
our Manager a termination fee before or on the last day of the Initial Term or such Automatic Renewal Term. Such termination fee
will be equal to three times the sum of the asset management fees, acquisition fees and leasing fees earned, in each case,
by our Manager during the 24 -month period prior to such termination, calculated as of the end of the most recently completed
fiscal quarter ; provided, however, that if the Listing Event has not occurred and no acquisition fees have been paid, then
all accrued acquisition fees will be included in the above calculation of the termination fee . The termination fee is payable
in vested equity of our company, cash, or a combination thereof, in the discretion of our board.
We may generally terminate our Manager for cause, without payment of any termination fee, if (i) our Manager, its agents or assignees breaches any material provision of the Management Agreement and such breach shall continue for a period of 30 days after written notice thereof specifying such breach and requesting that the same be remedied in such 30-day period (or 45 days after written notice of such breach if our Manager takes steps to cure such breach within 30 days of the written notice), (ii) there is a commencement of any proceeding relating to our Manager’s bankruptcy or insolvency, including an order for relief in an involuntary bankruptcy case or our Manager authorizing or filing a voluntary bankruptcy petition, (iii) any “Manager Change of Control,” as defined in the Management Agreement, which a majority of the independent directors determines is materially detrimental to us and our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (iv) the dissolution of our Manager, or (v) our Manager commits fraud against us, misappropriates or embezzles our funds, or acts, or fails to act, in a manner constituting gross negligence, or acts in a manner constituting bad faith or willful misconduct, in the performance of its duties under the Management Agreement; provided, however, that if any of the actions or omissions described in clause (v) above are caused by an employee and/or officer of our Manager or one of its affiliates and our Manager takes all necessary and appropriate action against such person and cures the damage caused by such actions or omissions within 30 days of our Manager actual knowledge of its commission or omission, we will not have the right to terminate the Management Agreement for cause and any termination notice previously given will be deemed to have been rescinded and nugatory.
No later than 180 days prior to the expiration of the Initial Term or the then current Automatic Renewal Term, our Manager may deliver written notice to our company informing it of our Manager’s intention to decline to renew the Management Agreement, whereupon the Management Agreement shall not be renewed and extended and the Management Agreement shall terminate effective on the anniversary date of the Management Agreement next following the delivery of such notice. We will not be required to pay to our Manager the termination fee if our Manager terminates the Management Agreement.
The Management Agreement shall terminate automatically without payment of the termination fee in the event of its assignment, in whole or in part, by our Manager, unless such assignment is consented to in writing by us with the consent of a majority of the independent directors and the operating partnership.
The Management Agreement shall not be assigned by us without the prior written consent of our Manager, except in the case of assignment to another REIT or other organization which is a successor (by merger, consolidation, purchase of assets, or other transaction) to us, in which case such successor organization shall be bound under the Management Agreement and by the terms of such assignment in the same manner as we were bound under the Management Agreement.
The Management Agreement may be amended or modified by agreement between us and our Manager in writing.
Management Fees payable to our Manager
Type
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Description
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Asset Management Fee
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We will pay our Manager an asset management fee equal to 1.5% of our stockholders’ equity payable quarterly in arrears in cash. For purposes of calculating the asset management fee, our stockholders’ equity means: (a) the sum of (1) the net proceeds from (or equity value assigned to) all issuances of our company’s equity and equity equivalent securities (including common stock, common stock equivalents, preferred stock and OP Units issued by our operating partnership) since inception (allocated on a pro rata daily basis for such issuances during the fiscal quarter of any such issuance), plus (2) our company’s retained earnings at the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter (without taking into account any non-cash equity compensation expense incurred in current or prior periods), less (b) any amount that our company has paid to repurchase our common stock issued in this or any subsequent offering. Stockholders’ equity also excludes (1) any unrealized gains and losses and other non-cash items (including depreciation and amortization) that have impacted stockholders’ equity as reported in our company’s financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, and (2) one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP, and certain non-cash items not otherwise described above, in each case after discussions between our Manager and our independent director(s) and approval by a majority of our independent directors.
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Property Management Fee
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We anticipate that our Manager’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Holmwood Capital Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or the Property Manager, will manage some or all of our company’s portfolio earning market-standard property management fees.
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Acquisition Fee
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We will pay an acquisition fee equal to 1% of the gross purchase price, as adjusted pursuant to any closing adjustments, of each investment made on our behalf by our Manager following the initial closing of this offering; provided, however that all Acquisition Fees for investments prior to the initial listing of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange, NYSE MKT, NASDAQ Stock Exchange, or any other national securities exchange, or a Listing Event, shall be accrued and paid simultaneously with the Listing Event as if they had been paid during such 24-month period. The Acquisition Fee shall be payable in fully-vested equity securities of our company
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Leasing Fee
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Our Manager will be entitled to a leasing fee equal to 2.0% of all gross rent due during the term of the lease or lease renewal, excluding reimbursements by the tenant for operating expenses and taxes and similar pass-through obligations paid by the tenant for any new lease or lease renewal entered into or exercised during the term of the Management Agreement. The Leasing Fee is due to our Manager within thirty (30) days of the commencement of rent payment under the applicable new lease or lease renewal. The Leasing Fee is payable in addition to any third party leasing commissions or fees incurred by us.
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Equity Grants
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Commencing with the initial closing of this offering, our Manager shall receive a grant of our company’s equity securities, or a Grant, which may be in the form of restricted shares of common stock, restricted stock units underlied by common stock, long-term incentive units, or LTIP Units, or such other equity security as may be determined by the mutual consent of the board of directors (including a majority of the independent directors) and our Manager, at each closing of an issuance of our company’s common stock or any shares of common stock issuable pursuant to outstanding rights, options or warrants to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire shares on common stock that are in-the-money on such date in a public offering, such that following such Grant our Manager shall own equity securities equivalent to 3.0% of the then issued and outstanding common stock of our company, on a fully diluted basis, solely as a result of such Grants. For the avoidance of doubt, only equity securities owned pursuant to a Grant shall be included in our Manager’s 3.0% ownership described in the preceding sentence, and no other equity securities owned by our Manager or any member of our Manager shall be included in such calculation. Any Grant shall be subject to vesting over a five-year period with vesting occurring on a quarterly basis, provided, that, the only vesting requirement shall be that the Management Agreement (or any amendment, restatement or replacement hereof with our Manager continuing to provide the same general services as provided hereunder to our company) remains in effect, and, further provided, that, if the Management Agreement is terminated for any reason other than a termination for cause as described in the Management Agreement, then the vesting of any Grant shall accelerate such that the Grant shall be fully vested as of such termination date. We anticipate making grants of 137,834 restricted shares of our common stock to our Manager if we sell the maximum offering amount.
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Termination Fee
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A termination fee equal to three times the sum of the asset management fee, acquisition fee and leasing fees earned, in each case, by our Manager during the 24-month period prior to such termination, calculated as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter prior to the date of termination; provided that if the Listing Event has not occurred and no accrued acquisition fees have been paid, then all accrued acquisition fees will be included in the above calculation of the termination fee. The termination fee will be payable upon termination of the Management Agreement (i) by us without cause or (ii) by our Manager if we materially breach the Management Agreement.
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Liability and Indemnification
Pursuant to the Management Agreement and unless provided otherwise therein, our Manager assumes no responsibility under the Management Agreement other than to render the services called for therein in good faith and shall not be responsible for any action of the board of directors in following or declining to follow any advice or recommendations of our Manager, including as set forth in the Investment Guidelines. Our Manager, its officers, members, managers, directors, personnel, any person controlling or controlled by our Manager, and any person providing sub-advisory services to our Manager, each, a Manager Indemnified Party, will not be liable to us, any subsidiary of ours or any of our or our subsidiaries’ stockholders, partners, members or other holders of equity interests for any acts or omissions by any Manager Indemnified Party performed in accordance with and pursuant to this Agreement, except by reason of any act or omission on the part of such Manager Indemnified Party constituting bad faith, willful misconduct, gross negligence or reckless disregard of their duties under the Management Agreement as determined by a final, non-appealable order of a court of competent jurisdiction.
We have agreed to reimburse, indemnify and hold harmless, to the full extent lawful, each Manager Indemnified Party, of and from any and all expenses, losses, damages, liabilities, demands, charges and claims of any nature whatsoever (including reasonable attorneys’ fees), collectively Losses, in respect of or arising from any acts or omissions of such Manager Indemnified Party performed in good faith under the Management Agreement and not constituting bad faith, willful misconduct, gross negligence or reckless disregard of duties of such Manager Indemnified Party under the Management Agreement as determined by a final, non-appealable order of a court of competent jurisdiction. In addition, we have agreed to advance funds to a Manager Indemnified Party for legal fees and other costs and expenses incurred as a result of any claim, suit, action or proceeding for which indemnification is being sought pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, provided, that such Manager Indemnified Party undertakes to repay the advanced funds to us, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it shall ultimately be determined that such Manager Indemnified Party is not entitled to be indemnified by us as provided in the Management Agreement in connection with such claim, suit, action or proceeding.
Our Manager has agreed to reimburse, indemnify and hold harmless, to the full extent lawful, our company, its directors and officers, personnel, agents and Affiliates, each, a Company Indemnified Party, of and from any and all Losses in respect of or arising from (i) any acts or omissions of our Manager constituting bad faith, willful misconduct, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties of our Manager under the Management Agreement, or (ii) any claims by our Manager’s personnel relating to the terms and conditions of their employment by our Manager.
POLICIES WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN ACTIVITIES
The following is a discussion of certain of our investment, financing and other policies, which we refer to as our Investment Policies. These Investment Policies have been determined by our board of directors and may be amended or revised from time to time by our board of directors without a vote of our stockholders, except as set forth below. Further, our Investment Policies may be amended from time to time by our Manager without a vote of either the board of directors or our stockholders; provided, however, that any addition, rescission, amendment or modification of